Cyber Law lecture

1. Cyber Law INTRODUCTION TO CYBER LAW and Cyber Law Act 2016 Lecture by AMMAR ALI QAZI

2. Google Classroom Link • https://classroom.google.com/c/NjUyMTI5MjEwMzA3?cjc=nfuyhrx

3. Lecture Outlines • What is Cyber Crime • Cyber Crimes that reported in Pakistan • Cyber Law Act 2016

4. Cyber Crime • Activity in which computers or networks are a tool, a target, or a place of criminal activity. • Cyber crime also stated as any use of a computer as an instrument to further illegal ends, such as • Committing fraud • Stealing identities • Violating privacy

5. Cyber Crime (Cont’d) • It is also include traditional crimes in which computers or networks are used to unable the illicit activity. • As the computer has become central to ecommerce, entertainment and government • Cyber Crime has grown in importance.

6. Example • Email account of Federal minister is hacked. • Credit cards frauds reach to an alarming level. • Visiting CEO’s of multinational companies gets threatening emails. • Financial Institution are the favourite targets of cyber criminals worstly affecting the technological progress in the area of e-commerce.

7. Cyber crimes that reported in Pakistan • Cyber crime has become an increasingly severe problem in Pakistan in recent years. • Financial fraud is the most common type reported; in 2020, of 84,764 total complaints, 20,218 Pakistanis reported falling victim to financial fraud-related online crimes. • An increasing number of Pakistanis have experienced cyber crime through social media. Between 2018-2021, financial fraud through social media increased by 83%. Of 102,356 complaints received in 2021, 23% of cyber crimes used Facebook.

8. Cyber Law Act 2016 • The Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act, 2016 (PECA) is the principal criminal law dealing with cybercrimes in Pakistan. It criminalizes different conducts that involve cyberspace and digital devices.  • The FIA is the competent authority and bound to arrest the violaters, however due to the non implementation of the law, the violators are still at large. • Many accounts on social media has been blocked but no one arrested yet.

9. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Some other authorities are involved • PTA etc • Federal Investigation Agency, National Response center for cyber crime • https://www.nr3c.`gov.pk/ • Examples are Ethical Hacking Training in UET

10. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Cyber Crimes reported details • FIA Sindh launches new website to report crimes. • https://fia.gov.pk/ccw • Last year FIA received 2019 reports total • 1,592 are related to blackmailing, harassment and defamation through social media. • 307 are related to financial fraud • 116 are regarding threatening calls.

11. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Remaining 186 are pertaining to email hacking spoofing etc. • There are over 50 million broadband subscribers in Pakistan and the number of cellular phone subscribers may be as high as high over 150 million. • FIA arrest Chinese for ATM Skimming, Credit Card Fraud • Two Chinese nationals, who were arrested over alleged involvement in ATM skimming scandal, have been remanded into FIA custody for three days

12. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Unauthorized access to information system or data up to 3 months prison or up to Rs. 50,000 fine or both. • Examples are: Access to information System means: gaining access, control or ability to use any part or whole of an system that could be a laptop, mobile phone tablet, or any other kind of computer system.

13. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Unauthorized copying or transmission of data: up to 6 months prison or up to Rs.100,000 Fine or both. • Examples are: If you copies data of someone else’s flash drive. • If you gain access to someone’s phone and copy a mobile number.

14. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Interference with information system or data: up to 2 years Prison or up to Rs 500,000 fine or both. • Examples are: You hack a website and delete the content of the server • You gain access to someone's mobile and delete its number.

15. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Unauthorized access to critical infrastructure information system or data: up to 3 years Prison or up to Rs 1 Million fine or both. • Examples are: you hack Nadra’s database and get an authorized access • You hack and intercept a fiber optic cable. and start listening to data.

16. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Interference with critical infrastructure information system or data: up to 7 years Prison or up to Rs 10 Million fine or both. • Examples are: You hack NADRA’S Database and delete everything • You hack and intercept a fiber optic cable and start transmitting it to someone.

17. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Glorification of an offence: up to 7 Years Prison or up to Rs 10 Million fine or both. • Examples are: You post on FACEBOOK about Talibaan and say that they are good people. • You SMS someone and say that Al- Qaida People will go to heaven

18. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Cyber Terrorism: Up to 14 years in Prison or up to Rs 50 Million fine or both • Examples are: You gain access to back end system of a TV channel and start broadcasting a message that may create panic. • You gain access to back end of a mobile company and start broadcasting a message that may trigger fear.

19. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Hate speech: up to 7 years in Prison or fine or both. • Examples are: You gain access to back end system of a TV channel and start broadcasting a message that may create panic. • You gain access to back end of a mobile company and start broadcasting a message that may trigger fear.

20. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Online Recruitment, Funding of Terrorism: Up to 7 Years in Prison or fine or both. • Examples are: You run a facebook group and encourage people to fund TTP. • You run a what Sapp group and plan a terror attack

21. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Electronic Forgery: up to 3 years in Prison or up to Rs. 250,000 fine or both • Examples are: Change a Contract/agreement/ invoice with intent to gain legal benefit

22. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Electronic Fraud: Up to 2 Years in Prison or up to Rs 10 Million fine or both • Examples are: You get into a relationship with someone with intents to cause financial damage.

23. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Making, Obtaining, or supplying device for use in offence: up to six months in Prison or up to Rs. 50,000 fine or both. • You Manufacture a Special purpose phone to communicate for planning an attack. • You make a Software to hack a website.

24. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Unauthorized use of identity information: Up to 3 Years in Prison or up to Rs. 5 Million fine or both • Examples are You use Someone’s email address to pose as someone you aren’t • You call someone and claim you are a person which you are not

25. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Unauthorized issuance of SIM cards etc. Up to 3 Years in Prison or up to Rs. 500,000 in fine or both. • Examples are: You sell SIM cards without verifying data • You provide a SIM card to someone else for usage, even temporarily

26. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Tampering of communication equipment: up to 3 Years in Prison or Up to Rs. 1 Million in fine or both • Examples are: You install a spy mobile app that can record calls and SMS and is able to send this data in email to you or someone else.

27. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Unauthorized interception: Up to 2 Years in Prison or Up to Rs. 500,000 in fine or both • Any Transmission that is not intended to be and is not open to the public, from or within an information system • Electromagnetic emissions from an information system that are carrying data.

28. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Against identity of a natural person or minor: up to 3 Years in prison or up to Rs. 1 Million in fine or both • Examples are : Spread false information against one’s identity.

29. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Against Modesty of a natural person or minor: up to 5 Years in Prison or up to Rs. 5 Million in fine or both • Examples are: You Photoshop an image of a person in a manner that face is used along side a nude body.

30. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Child Pornography: Up to years in Prison or Up to Rs. 5 Million in fine or both • Concept of a Dark Web • Examples are: You make an Sexually Explicit video or images of minor • You broadcast/ Post video or images

31. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Malicious code: Up to 2 Years in Jail or up to Rs. 1 Million in fine or both. • You write a virus • You Write a code that can be used to destruct a hard drive • You develop a mobile app to spy someone • You develop an app to spread virus • You DDoS attack someone.

32. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Cyber Stalking: Up to 3 Years in Jail or Up to Rs. 1 Million in fine or both. • Examples are: You repeatedly call someone, despite the other party asks you to not to • You send emails with no interest shown by the other party • You do something in a manner that other party is harassed out of your actions.

33. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Spamming for first time just 50,000 rupees, 2nd time up to 3 months in jail and up to Rs. 1 Million in fine. • Examples are: Spreading wrong information without permission of the recipient • Email from twitter, facebook right on the bottom you will see, unsubscribed.

34. Cyber Law 2016 Detail • Spoofing: up to 3 Years in Jail or fine up to Rs. 500,000 or both. • Whoever with dishonest intention establishes a website or sends any information with a counterfeit source intended to be believed by the recipient or visitor of the website to be an authentic source commits spoofing.