Section Ⅱ Learning about Language The teacher was given the job because he was the best

1. Section Ⅱ Learning about Language The teacher was given the job because he was the best candidate.那位教师得到了那份工作，因为他是最佳候选人。 1．candidate n．候选人；候补者 典例 They were in favor of the Democratic candidate for President.他们支持民主党的总统候选人。

2. 拓展 candidate 还可意为“求职应征者”，常与 for 连用。 如： Milo was the strongest candidate for the job. 米洛在求职应征者中具备最好的条件。 运用 完成句子 candidate In my opinion, he is a more suitable ____________ ( 候选人)．

3. She was shot.她中枪了。 2．shoot vt.射中；射伤；发射；拍摄；射门；投篮 典例 She shot the lion with a gun. 她用枪打死了一只狮子。 He shot the arrow from the bow. 他拉弓把箭射了出去。 The new movie was shot in Africa. 这部新的影片是在非洲拍摄的。 He shot two goals in the game. 在比赛中， 他进了两个球。

4. 拓展 shoot at 向……射击 shoot a look/glance (at) 向……扫视一眼 shoot out 射出；伸出；长出 运用 用 shoot 及其构成短语的适当形式填空 ①The hunter ________________ the tigher wounded. ②A man with a gun is ________________ the crowds. ③Jack ________________ at his mother anxiously. shot shooting at shot a look/glance

5. 复习v.-ing 形式 一般来说，v.-ing 形式包括动名词和现在分词两种。 一、动名词在句中的作用 1．作主语。表示泛指意义的行为，谓语动词要用第三人称 单数。如： Seeing is believing.眼见为实。 His being late made the teacher angry. 他的迟到让老师很不高兴。

6. 2．作宾语。 (1) 作动词的宾语。常见的动词有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, imagine, include, keep, mind, miss, delay, practise, resist, suggest 等。如： Would you mind switching the television to Channel 8? 请把电视转到八频道好吗？ (2)作介词的宾语。如： We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们 正考虑为下学期制定一个新的计划。

7. 二、现在分词的基本形式

8. 三、现在分词在句中的作用 1．作定语。既可表示动作正在进行，又可表示所修饰名词 的性质或用途。当单个分词做定语时，放在所修饰的名词之前； 当分词短语做定语时则放在名词之后，相当于一个定语从句。 如： The sleeping bag is over there.睡袋在那儿。 The man speaking to the teacher is my father.(＝The man who is speaking to the teacher is my father.) 正与老师谈话的那个人是我的父亲。

9. 2．作表语。说明主语的性质或状况。如： The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在电影院上演的电影很棒。 3．作状语。现在分词作状语时，用来修饰谓语动词或整个 句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随 等情况。现在分词短语作状语一般表示一个次要的动作，通常 都可以变为相应的从句或并列句。

10. (1)作时间状语，置于句首，且与后面用逗号隔开。如：(1)作时间状语，置于句首，且与后面用逗号隔开。如： Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人。 (2)作原因状语，置于句首，后面用逗号隔开。如： Being ill, she stayed at home. 由于生病了，她待在家里。 (3)作伴随状语，常置于句末。如： He came into the classroom, taking a lot of books. 他拿了很多书走进教室。

11. (4)作条件状语，常置于句首。如： Working hard, you'll succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，就会成功。 (5)作结果状语，置于句末。如： Thy boy ran ever faster, reaching the school out of breath. 那 男孩跑得更快了，到达学校时累得上气不接下气。 (6)作让步状语，常置于句首。如： Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 虽然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。

12. 4．作宾语补足语。现在分词作宾补常放在宾语后面，表示4．作宾语补足语。现在分词作宾补常放在宾语后面，表示 一个正在进行的主动性动作，强调一个进程或一种状态。可接 现在分词作宾补的常见动词有：get, watch, have, keep, notice, find, feel, hear, observe, leave, smell 等。如： When we got to the hall, we found the lecture being given by Professor Liu. 我们到达大厅时，发现刘教授正在作讲演。

13. 用所给单词的适当形式填空 laughing 1．People can't help ________ (laugh) at the foolish empe-ror in the procession. Climbing 2．________ (climb) mountains is really fun. sitting 3．The girl ________ (sit) under the tree is my sister. 4．_____________ (finish) my work, I went home. Having finished Walking 5 ． ________ (walk) along the street, I met an old friend of mine. leaving 6．His father died, ________ (leave) him a lot of money. 7．________ (be) ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. 8．Before __________ (use), the machine must be checked. Being being used

14. Driving 9．________ (drive) too fast, you will damage the car. Not knowing 10 ．____________ (not know) how to get there, I had to ask theway. being caught 11 ． The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___________ (catch)． swimming 12．I know you like ________ (swim)． Not having received 13．___________________ (not receive) a reply, he decided to write again. encouraging 14．The news sounds __________ (encourage)． 15．If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel moving the air ________ (move) against your face.