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Understanding the Cardiovascular System: Pre-Lab Exploration and Diagram Analysis

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This pre-lab guide provides comprehensive insights into the cardiovascular system, enhancing your understanding of heart functions, blood flow, and pressure dynamics. Utilize detailed diagrams to illustrate the anatomy of the heart, including both the arteries and veins, pulmonary and systemic pathways. Key concepts include the phases of the cardiac cycle, the role of valves, and the significance of systolic and diastolic pressures. Follow the directions available on Moodle for effective preparation, ensuring good visual representation for your diagrams.

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Understanding the Cardiovascular System: Pre-Lab Exploration and Diagram Analysis

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  1. Cardiovascular system Lab • Do Pre-lab. (use info in lab packet from Moodle and use Book Ch 933-938) • Pre-lab = Detailed answers. Good drawing for Q1 • Get Directions from Moodle.

  2. Fig. 42-6 Capillaries of head and forelimbs Superior vena cava 7 Pulmonary artery Pulmonary artery Capillaries of right lung Aorta 9 Capillaries of left lung 3 3 2 4 11 Pulmonary vein Pulmonary vein 5 1 Right atrium Left atrium 10 Right ventricle Left ventricle Inferior vena cava Aorta Capillaries of abdominal organs and hind limbs 8

  3. Fig. 42-7 Pulmonary artery Aorta Pulmonary artery Right atrium Left atrium AKA Pulmonary Semilunar valve Semilunar valve AKA Aortic Atrioventricular valve Atrioventricular valve AKA Mitral AKA Tricuspid Right ventricle Left ventricle

  4. Fig. 42-8-1 Semilunar valves closed AV valves open 0.4 sec 1 Atrial and ventricular diastole

  5. Fig. 42-8-2 Atrial systole; ventricular diastole 2 Semilunar valves closed 0.1 sec AV valves open 0.4 sec 1 Atrial and ventricular diastole

  6. Fig. 42-8 Atrial systole; ventricular diastole 2 Semilunar valves closed 0.1 sec Semilunar valves open AV valves open 0.4 sec 0.3 sec 1 Atrial and ventricular diastole AV valves closed 3 Ventricular systole; atrial diastole

  7. Changes in Blood Pressure During the Cardiac Cycle • Systolic pressure is the pressure in the arteries during ventricular systole; it is the highest pressure in the arteries • Diastolic pressure is the pressure in the arteries during diastole; it is lower than systolic pressure • A pulse is the rhythmic bulging of artery walls with each heartbeat

  8. Fig. 42-9-5 3 1 2 Pacemaker generates wave of signals to contract. Signals are delayed at AV node. Signals pass to heart apex. Signals spread throughout ventricles. 4 SA node (pacemaker) AV node Purkinje fibers Bundle branches Heart apex ECG

  9. Fig. 42-13-1 Pressure in cuff greater than 120 mm Hg Rubber cuff inflated with air 120 Artery closed

  10. Fig. 42-13-2 Pressure in cuff greater than 120 mm Hg Pressure in cuff drops below 120 mm Hg Rubber cuff inflated with air 120 120 Artery closed Sounds audible in stethoscope

  11. Fig. 42-13-3 Blood pressure reading: 120/70 Pressure in cuff greater than 120 mm Hg Pressure in cuff drops below 120 mm Hg Pressure in cuff below 70 mm Hg Rubber cuff inflated with air 120 120 70 Artery closed Sounds audible in stethoscope Sounds stop

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