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Caesar Application of Basic Sentences Patterns

Caesar Application of Basic Sentences Patterns. Subject linking verb predicate nominative Subject active verb object Subject passive verb ablative. The Gallic War . Julius Caesar, Gerunds, Gerundives, Cum clauses, purpose cluases. Objectives. I can:

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Caesar Application of Basic Sentences Patterns

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  1. Caesar Application of Basic Sentences Patterns Subject linking verb predicate nominative Subject active verb object Subject passive verb ablative

  2. The Gallic War Julius Caesar, Gerunds, Gerundives, Cum clauses, purpose cluases

  3. Objectives • I can: • Read a passage in unadapted Latin and understand the meaning • Cite text evidence to support my understanding • Make cultural inferences and comparisons based on my translation of the Latin • Analyze the style used by Julius Caesar to impact his audience

  4. Grammar Objectives • I can: • Recognize a subjunctive purpose clause and translate appropriately in context • Recognize a gerund or gerundive in context and translate appropriately • Recognize and appropriately translate the four types of cum clauses using the correct definition of the word cum

  5. Grammar Objectives • I can: • Recognize and form subjunctives verbs in all four tenses • Choose the correct tense of subjunctive to show when the subordinate verb happens in relation to the main verb • Translate the subordinate subjunctive verb to show the correct time relative to the main verb

  6. Passage One: Introduction to the Gallic War For each verb, give the subject and complement ( predicate nominative, direct object, ablative). If any of these parts are not expressed in the sentence, put an X on the line. If it is implied, write the implied English word.

  7. Gallia estomnisdivisa in partestres, quarumunamincoluntBelgae, aliamAquitani, tertiam qui ipsorum lingua Celtae, nostra Galliappellantur. • Hi omnes lingua, institutis, legibus inter se differunt. GallosabAquitanisGarumnaflumen, a BelgisMatrona et Sequanadividit.

  8. Subject ____________ divisaest complement ____________ • Subject ____________ incolunt complement ____________ • Subject ____________ appellantur complement ____________ • Subject ____________ differunt complement ____________ • Subject ____________ dividit complement ____________

  9. Three parts of Gaul

  10. HorumomniumfortissimisuntBelgae, propterea quod a cultuatquehumanitateprovinciaelongissimeabsunt, minimeque ad eosmercatoressaepecommeantatqueea quae ad effeminandosanimos pertinent important, proximiquesuntGermanis, qui trans Rhenumincolunt, quibuscumcontinenter bellum gerunt.

  11. Subject __________ sunt complement _______ • Subject __________ absuntcomplement _______ • Subject __________ commeantcomplement _______ • Subject __________ pertinent complement _______ • Subject __________ important complement _______ • Subject __________ sunt complement _______ • Subject __________ incoluntcomplement _______ • Subject __________ geruntcomplement _______

  12. Qua de causaHelvetiiquoquereliquosGallosvirtutepraecedunt, quod ferecotidianisproeliis cum Germaniscontendunt, cum autsuisfinibuseosprohibentautipsi in eorumfinibus bellum gerunt.

  13. Subject __________ praeceduntcomplement _______ • Subject __________ contenduntcomplement _______ • Subject __________ prohibentcomplement _______ • Subject __________ geruntcomplement _______

  14. Eorumuna, pars, quam Gallosobtinere dictum est, initium capit a flumineRhodano, contineturGarumnaflumine, Oceano, finibusBelgarum, attingitetiamabSequanis et HelvetiisflumenRhenum, vergit ad septentriones.

  15. Subject __________ dictum estcomplement _______ • Subject __________ capitcomplement _______ • Subject __________ contineturcomplement _______ • Subject __________ attingitcomplement _______ • Subject __________ vergitcomplement _______

  16. Belgaeab extremis Galliaefinibusoriuntur, pertinent ad inferiorempartemfluminisRheni, spectant in septentrionem et orientemsolem.

  17. Subject __________ oriunturcomplement _______ • Subject __________ pertinent complement _______ • Subject __________ spectantcomplement _______

  18. Aquitania a Garumnaflumine ad Pyrenaeosmontes et eampartemOceani quae est ad Hispaniampertinet; spectat inter occasumsolis et septentriones.

  19. Subject __________ estcomplement _______ • Subject __________ pertinetcomplement _______ • Subject __________ spectat complement _______

  20. Passage Two: Orgetorix

  21. ApudHelvetioslongenobilissimusfuit et ditissimusOrgetorix. Is M. Messala, [et P.] M. Pisoneconsulibusregnicupiditateinductusconiurationemnobilitatisfecit et civitatipersuasitut de finibussuis cum omnibus copiisexirent: perfacileesse, cum virtute omnibus praestarent, totiusGalliaeimperiopotiri.

  22. Subject __________ fuitcomplement _______ • Subject __________ fecitcomplement _______ • Subject __________ persuasitcomplement _______ • Subject __________ exirentcomplement _______ • Subject __________ praestarentcomplement _______

  23. Id hoc faciliusiispersuasit, quod undique loci naturaHelvetiicontinentur: una ex parte flumineRhenolatissimoatque altissimo, qui agrumHelvetium a Germanisdividit; altera ex parte monteIura altissimo, qui est inter Sequanos et Helvetios; tertialacuLemanno et flumineRhodano, qui provinciamnostramabHelvetiisdividit.

  24. Helvetian Geography

  25. Subject __________ persuasitcomplement _______ • Subject __________ continenturcomplement _______ • Subject __________ dividitcomplement _______ • Subject __________ estcomplement _______ • Subject __________ dividitcomplement _______

  26. His rebus fiebatut et minus late vagarentur et minus facile finitimis bellum inferrepossent; qua ex parte hominesbellandicupidimagnodoloreadficiebantur.

  27. Subject __________ fiebatcomplement _______ • Subject __________ vagarenturcomplement _______ • Subject __________ possentcomplement _______ • Subject __________ adficiebanturcomplement _______

  28. Pro multitudineautemhominum et pro gloria belli atquefortitudinisangustos se fines haberearbitrabantur, qui in longitudinemmiliapassuum CCXL, in latitudinem CLXXX patebant.

  29. Subject __________ arbitrabanturcomplement _______ • Subject __________ patebantcomplement _______

  30. Passage Three: A Tale of Two Rivals Pullo and Vorenus

  31. Erant in ealegionefortissimiviri, centuriones, qui primisordinibusappropinquarent, Titus Pullo et Lucius Vorenus. • Hi perpetuas inter se controversiashabebant, quinamanteferretur, omnibusqueannis de locissummissimultatibuscontendebant

  32. Subject __________ erantcomplement _______ • Subject __________ approprinquarentcomplement _______ • Subject __________ habebantcomplement _______ • Subject __________ anteferreturcomplement _______ • Subject __________ contendebantcomplement _______

  33. Ex his Pullo, cum acerrime ad munitionespugnaretur, "Quid dubitas," inquit, " Vorene? autquem locum tuaeprobandaevirtutisexspectas ? • hic dies de nostriscontroversiisiudicabit."

  34. Subject __________ pugnareturcomplement _______ • Subject __________ dubitascomplement _______ • Subject __________ exspectascomplement _______ • Subject __________ iudicabitcomplement _______

  35. Haec cum dixisset, procedit extra munitionesquaque pars hostiumconfertissimaest visa irrumpit. • Ne Vorenusquidem tum sesevallocontinet, sedomniumveritusexistimationemsubsequitur.

  36. Subject __________ dixissetcomplement _______ • Subject __________ proceditcomplement _______ • Subject __________ est visa complement _______ • Subject __________ irrumpitcomplement _______ • Subject __________ continent complement _______ • Subject __________ subsequiturcomplement _______

  37. . MediocrispatiorelictoPullopilum in hostesimmittitatqueunum ex multitudineprocurrentemtraicit; quo percusso et exanimatohuncscutisprotegunt, in hostemtelauniversiconiciuntnequedantregrediendifacultatem.

  38. Subject __________ immittitcomplement _______ • Subject __________ traicitcomplement _______ • Subject __________ proteguntcomplement _______ • Subject __________ coniciuntcomplement _______ • Subject __________ dantcomplement _______

  39. TransfigiturscutumPulloni et verutum in balteodefigitur. • Avertit hic casus vaginam et gladiumeducereconantidextrammoraturmanum, impeditumquehostescircumsistunt. • SuccurritinimicusilliVorenus et laborantisubvenit

  40. Subject __________ transfigiturcomplement _______ • Subject __________ defigiturcomplement _______ • Subject __________ avertitcomplement _______ • Subject __________ moraturcomplement _______ • Subject __________ circumsistuntcomplement _______ • Subject __________ succurritcomplement _______ • Subject __________ subvenitcomplement _______

  41. Ad hunc se confestim a Pulloneomnismultitudoconvertit: illumverutoarbitranturoccisum. • Gladiocomminus rem geritVorenusatqueunointerfectoreliquospaulumpropellit; dumcupidiusinstat, in locum deiectusinferioremconcidit.

  42. Subject __________ convertitcomplement _______ • Subject __________ arbitranturcomplement _______ • Subject __________ geritcomplement _______ • Subject __________ propellitcomplement _______ • Subject __________ instatcomplement _______ • Subject __________ succurritconciditcomplement _______

  43. HuicrursuscircumventofertsubsidiumPullo, atque ambo incolumescompluribusinterfectis summa cum laude sese intra munitionesrecipiunt.

  44. Subject __________ fertcomplement _______ • Subject __________ recipiuntcomplement _______

  45. Sic fortuna in contentione et certamineutrumqueversavit, ut alter alteriinimicusauxiliosalutiqueesset, nequediiudicari posset, uterutrivirtuteanteferendusvideretur.

  46. Subject __________ versavitcomplement _______ • Subject __________ essetcomplement _______ • Subject __________ posset complement _______ • Subject __________ videreturcomplement _______

  47. Passage Four: The Battle with the Nervii

  48. …His rebus cum iteragminisnostriimpediretur, non omittendumsibiconsiliumNerviiexistimaverunt. • Loci naturaerathaec, quem locum nostricastrisdelegerant • Collis absummoaequaliterdeclivis ad flumenSabim, quod supra nominavimus, vergebat.

  49. Subject __________ impedireturcomplement _______ • Subject __________ existimaveruntcomplement _______ • Subject __________ eratcomplement _______ • Subject __________ delegerantcomplement _____ • Subject __________ nominavimuscomplement _____ • Subject __________ vergebatcomplement _____

  50. Abeofluminepariacclivitatecollisnascebaturadversushuic et contrarius, passuscirciter CC infimusapertus, absuperiore parte silvestris, ut non facile introrsusperspici posset

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