TEACHING WRITING

TEACHING WRITING SEMINAR BY I GustiAyuNgurahLesmanaDewi NPM : 08.8.03.51.31.2.5.2773 CLASS : VIH ENGLISH DEPARTMENT THE FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MAHASARASWATI UNIVERSITY DENPASAR 2011

TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION WHAT DO WE MEAN BY WRITING SKILLS? HOW CAN YOU ENCOURAGE STUDENTS TO WRITE? GUIDELINES FOR A PROCESS WRITING ACTIVITY? TECHNIQUE OF TEACHING WRITING? CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION Writing is a powerful tool for learning and communicating. Students continue to discover how language works when they write frequently and for various purposes (Lee & Rubin, 1979). Writing skill is one of the most taxing jobs around, especially if you want to do it skill fully. There are Three Genres of Writing, firstly academic writing, secondly, job-related, and thirdly, personal writing. In addition, There are four types of written performance that the range of written production are considered here, are Imitative, Intensive (controlled), Responsive, and Extensive.

What do we mean by writing skills? • Handwriting is a key that links all these things together. It may not seem important to us in today's society. Handwriting is important too. Handwriting is a reflection of a person's individuality, and its development can reflect the development of an individual. • Spelling is a representation of the spoken word. The spoken word is not a representation of writing. Because accents and pronunciation can change easily and quite quickly. • Punctuation is the system of symbols (. , ! - : etc) that we use to separate sentences and parts of sentences, and to make their meaning clear. Each symbol is called a "punctuation mark". • Sentence Construction includes rules and methods for writing. The structure of a sentence includes the use of nouns, verbs, adverbs, etc. There are rules and methods in structuring sentences.

What do we mean by writing skills? • Organizing a textis the structural framework for that writing. Organization is important to effective writing because it provides readers with a framework to help them fulfill their expectations for the text. • Paraphrasing is when you write the ideas of published authors in your own words without changing the original meaning. It is usually about the same length as the original. • Text Cohesion is The use of transitional expression and other stylistic devices to guide readers and show how the parts of a composition relate to one other. • Register/Style : choosing the right level of formality; writing concisely and consistently. There are two basic questions we ask ourselves before we write – who are we writing to and why are we writing. This is true whatever the language, and it is irrelevant whether the writer is a native speaker or a language learner.

How can you encourage students to write • Don’t make all the decisions • Don’t play guess what’s in my head • Talk less • Model behaviors and attitudes that promote learning. • Ask for feedback • Test less • Encourage goal setting and reflection. • Don’t over plan. • Focus on learning, not work. • Organize student led conferences • Give them time. • Give them a surprise. • Give them publicity. • Give them a journal.

Guidelines for a process writing activity Pre-writing Pre-writing is the getting ready stage (Tompkins, 2000). This is the time for students to decide on a topic, and to gather and organize their ideas. Drafting Drafting is the phase where students actually write and refine their ideas in a composition. Students are "encouraged to get their words and ideas on paper and attempt to spell whatever words they want to use" (Stice, Bertrand, & Bertrand, 1995, p. 216). Revising Revising gives students an opportunity to take a second look. It is important that teachers understand the wide range of writing activity that falls within the general topic of revising. In some cases, revising might mean beginning a whole new draft, especially if writing the first draft has led the student in a new direction or given the student a new idea.

Technique of teaching writing • Copying • Reproducing • Recombining • Guided writing • Composing • Picture-cued Writing Practice • English Grammatical Transformation • Round Table Technique • Presentation, Practice, and Production (PPP)

CONCLUSION Writing well is also one of the most useful crafts you can develop-essential, even-and valuable to prospective employers(Mahan and Day.3.1984). Writing skill, at least at rudimentary levels, is a necessary condition for achieving employment in many walks of life and is simply taken for granted in literate cultures. In the field of second language teaching, only a half-century ago experts were saying that writing was primarily a convention for recording speech and for reinforcing grammatical and lexical features and conventions. With such a monumental goal, the job of teaching writing has occupied the attention of papers, articles, dissertations, books, and even separate professional journals exclusively devoted to writing in a second language. Nevertheless, Writing is a powerful tool for learning and communicating.

Thank You Very Much…

TEACHING WRITING