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Political driven subsides favour “ energy-farming “, despite „ taking food from the poor “

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Political driven subsides favour “ energy-farming “, despite „ taking food from the poor “

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  1. SYMPHOS 2013, Agadir, Kingdom of Morocco, May 2-10, 2013 Uranium - the hidden treasure in phosphatesProf. Dr. Dr. habil. Dr. h.c. Ewald Schnug; Technical University Braunschweig – Faculty 2 Life Sciences, Pockelsstraße 14, D-38106 Braunschweig, GermanyDipl.-Ing. Nils Haneklaus; Institute of Nuclear Technology and Energy Systems (IKE), University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 31, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany

  2. Political drivensubsidesfavour “energy-farming“, despite „takingfoodfromthepoor“ anddiminishingbiodiversity, inreasesproductionintensity, thwartstheeffortsof cross-compliance, promotes “silentsealing“, andincreasestheemission of climagasesfrom soils (CO2fromhumusdecompositionandliming, NOXfrom N-fertilization) and thereforecontributestoclimachangeandit´sconsequences. Fuel orfood, rich versus poor!

  3. The dark side of P-fertilization… “Fertlizer“ Lithography by Andreas Paul Weber, 1964 Mineral P-fertilizers contain on an average 259 mg Uran per kg P2O5

  4. Evidence for agriculturalinfluence on U in water Tab. XX: Uranium and nitrate concentrations in neighbouring shallow (7-9m) and deep (70-90m) wells of two waterworks in southern Germany (2008 data). At an annualapplication rate of 9 g/ha U appliedwith 22 kg/ha P a steadystateconcentration of 22 µg/L U isexpected in thepercolatingwater. (modelledby Jaques et al., 2008)

  5. Proposedactiontoprotectsoilsandwaterbodiesfromfertilizer-deriveduranium:Proposedactiontoprotectsoilsandwaterbodiesfromfertilizer-deriveduranium: Limit theinput of U tosoilsbyfertilizationthroughregulation of U in mineral P fertilizersto 1 g/ha*a U at GAP*: Fertilizers with < 5% P2O5: Limit for declaration: 1 mg U per kg fresh material Limit for trading: 1.5 mg U per kg fresh material Fertilizers with > 5% P2O5: Limit for declaration: 20 mg U per kg P2O5 Limit for trading: 50 mg U per kg P2O5 IMC Agrico Phosphate Processing Plant, Florida - Photograph by Michael Connett, 2001- * GAP: Good Agricultural Practice = 50 kg/ha*a P2O5

  6. Whatif ………………………………………………….. If the critical values given above would have been applied to this samples 30% would have had to show a declaration of the Cd content and a 15% of would have been banned from trading because of exceeding Cd concentrations. In case of U on for 25% of them a declaration for U concentration would have been required and nearly 50% of them would be not marketable.

  7. On an averageduringthe last 10 years in Germany alone 167 T uraniumwerespendeveryyearwithmineralP-fertilizers….

  8. To compare: in the German repository for nuclear waste “Bergwerk ASSE II“ are stocked “only“ in total 102 T U (equivalent to approx. 201 T natural U) !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

  9. BUT: Whereto with the uranium in mineral P-fertilizers?

  10. Energetical and ecological characteristic of energy sources Sources: http://www.physik.uni-muenchen.de/lehre/vorlesungen/wise_06_07/ep1/vorlesung/skript26_5_2.pdf http://www.xemplar.ca/de/about_uranium.php http://www.co2-emissionen-vergleichen.de/Stromerzeugung/CO2-Vergleich-Stromerzeugung.html Deal. J. (2010) “Night with a futurist”. Webinar of the The DaVinci Institute. PO Box 270315. Louisville. CO 80027. USA. January 10, .2010.

  11. On an average during the last 10 years in Germany alone 167 T uranium were spend every year with mineral P-fertilizers….

  12. Safe Nuclear PowerThe Gen4 Module has incorporated advanced safety features like LBE coolant, an underground vault, and decay heat removal.

  13. … which contained enough energy to supply 2,350,000 average sized German housholds and equals the energy of firewood harvested from 5,600,000 ha forest.

  14. From 10 g U (correspondingto a P-fertilization of 22 kg/ha P accordingto GAP) 500 kW of energycanbeproduced. Comparedtothe same amount of energyderivedfromcoalthissaves a total of 500 kg CO2. At a CO2–tax of 0.08€/kg thisequals a value of 40 €/ha. The monetaryvalue of 10 g U (asyellowcake) amountsactually (28.1.2010) 1.11 €, thecosts of the 22 kg P 32 €.

  15. The message to politicians and decision makers: .... Avoidsubsidiesedbiomassbasedenergyfarming, regulate U in phosphorusfertilizers, payfarmers a climabonus for using U depletedfertilizers!

  16. Uranium retrieved from mineral P-fertilizers – An unconventional contribution of agriculture to climate protection ?!?!?! Goslar, Neue Strasse 21 Hyperion Nuclear Unit

  17. Uranium in world P-resources can feed the nuclear energy cycle for 350 years (source: Hu et al., 2008) Cleaner fertilizers Cleaner soils Cleaner waters Cleaner atmosphere Increasedprofitability of fertilizermanufacturing (World U resources actually: approx. for 50 more years)

  18. Thankyou for yourattention!

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