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Participles and Participial Phrases!. 8 th Grade English Clauses and Verbals Unit. Today…. We are going to focus just on the first one…the Participle and its phrase!. So, what is a participle?. A participle, as you learned about in the verb unit, is formed by adding something to the verb.
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Participles and Participial Phrases! 8th Grade English Clauses and Verbals Unit
Today… • We are going to focus just on the first one…the Participle and its phrase!
So, what is a participle? • A participle, as you learned about in the verb unit, is formed by adding something to the verb. • You add –ing to a present participle • You add –ed to a past participle • A participle can act as the main verb in a verb phrase or as an adjective to describe, or modify, nouns or pronouns.
Examples… • The player has kicked the ball (Main verb in a verb phrase) • The kicked ball soared (adjective modifying ball)
Exercise A. • Find the participle in each sentence.
Exercise A. • Soccer can be a challenging game. • Many young people are participating in the sport. • The size of the playing field for soccer may vary. • Have rules for the sport changed over the years? • A player on our team has scored the winning goal.
Sometimes… • A participle that is used as an adjective is part of a phrase. • This kind of phrase is called a participial phrase! • A participial phrase is a group of words that includes a participle and other words that complete its meaning!
Examples… • Cheering for the home team, the fans were on their feet. • The ball kicked by Donnie soared into the goal.
Commas and Participial Phrases • A participial phrase that is placed at the beginning of a sentence is always set off by commas. • Running from the law, a burglar slipped in the mud. • Other participial phrases may or may not need commas.
Do they or don’t they? • If the phrase is necessary to identify the modified word, do not set it off by commas. • The player kicking the ball is Donnie. • If the phrase simpley gives additional information about the modified word, set it off with commas! • Donnie, kicking the ball, scored the final point. • Essential v. Nonessential, duh!
One Last Note • A participial phrase can appear before or after the word it describes. • Place the phrase as close as possible to the modified word; otherwise, the meaning of the sentence may be unclear!
Exercise B. • Find the participial phrase. • Identify the word the participial phrase describes (they are all used as adjectives!)
Exercise B. • Attracting huge crowds, soccer is a popular sport. • The game consists of two teams competing for goals. • Playing within certain areas, the goalkeepers can touch the ball with their hands. • For other players, the only contact permitted by the rules is with their feet, heads, or bodies. • The two teams playing the game kick off. • The teams, moving almost constantly during play, kick the ball back and forth. • Varying their formations, players move about the field.
Remember… • The word verbal is a collective term for a verb form used as another part of speech. • A participle, as you learned about in the verb unit, is formed by adding something to the verb. • You add –ing to a present participle • You add –ed to a past participle • A participle can act as the main verb in a verb phrase or as an adjective to describe, or modify, nouns or pronouns. • A participial phrase is a group of words that includes a participle and other words that complete its meaning!
Great! ^^^ NOT SO GREAT ^^^
