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Unit 12: Southeast Asia

Unit 12: Southeast Asia. Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar, Philippines, Malaysia, East Timor, Brunei, Singapore, and Indonesia. Climate. Population Density. Human Development Index (Very High). Singapore - #26. Brunei - #33. Human Development Index. Malaysia - #61 (High).

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Unit 12: Southeast Asia

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  1. Unit 12: Southeast Asia Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar, Philippines, Malaysia, East Timor, Brunei, Singapore, and Indonesia.

  2. Climate

  3. Population Density

  4. Human Development Index (Very High) Singapore - #26 Brunei - #33

  5. Human Development Index Malaysia - #61 (High) Thailand - #103 (Medium)

  6. Human Development Index Myanmar- #149 (Low) Vietnam- #128 (Medium)

  7. Migration • Indian Influence: merchants & monks attracted by kingdoms of the Mons & Khmers – Buddhism remains strong • Muslim Influence: traders from Arabia brought Islam, created strong ties among island nations • Chinese Influence: many migrated from China, but left little influence, except in Vietnam, considered foreigners barbarians

  8. Europeans Bring Change • Euros wanted Asian products (coffee, tea, raw materials) • Encouraged expanding paddies • Built roads • Tensions b/w indigenous ppl and immigrants

  9. Myanmar (Burma) • 68% Burman, speak Burmese • British took control 1800s – 1948 • Ethnic insurgents (ppl who rebel against the govt) • Weak economy b/c repressive military govt • Aung San Suu Kyi fighting for democracy

  10. Thailand • 85% Thai, strong national ID • 95% Buddhist • Only country not colonized by Europe, b/c treaties • Sided against Communism • Diverse economy • Tourism (Bangkok) • Transportation hub for region • Travel by boat is VERY common

  11. Vietnam • Almost all Vietnamese • Buddhist • Part of French Indochina • Ho Chi Minh declared independence from France in 1945 • 1986- DoiMoi: economic program to attract foreign investors • Now largest exporter of rice

  12. Vietnam War • Ho Chi Minh – N. Vietnam – Communist • Ngo Dinh Diem – S. Vietnam – Republic • US wanted S. Vietnam free of Communism – US withdrew in 1973 • 1975 Vietnam reunited under Communism

  13. By the late 1970’s most Americans didn’t want the U.S. to go to war even to prevent the spread of communism.

  14. People working at factories that made weapons like cluster bombs thought it was wrong and that is was hard to take pride in a product that left thousands of Vietnamese people with painful wounds, loss of limbs, or even dead.

  15. Vietnamese Boat People • Boat People: someone who comes to the United States in a crudely made boat, usually illegally, but may be a refugee • Many Vietnamese came to the USA as boat people after the Vietnam War

  16. Laos • Home to the Lao, Tai, Hmong, Mon, Yao, and Khmer ppl • Buddhist • French Indochina • Pulled into Vietnam war • USA dropped more bombs on Laos than on Japan and Germany combined during WWII

  17. Cluster Bombs in Laos Dropped during Vietnam War Mini bombs in a big bombs, many didn’t blow up when they hit the ground and are detonating now

  18. Cambodia • Khmer ethnic group • Buddhist • Indochina • Khmer Rouge: murdered 1-2 mil out of 7mil b/c not communist

  19. Indonesia • Cultural heterogeneity • 250 languages • 13,660 islands • Member of OPEC • Strong military govt • 4th largest population in the world

  20. 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami 9.0 earthquake in Indian Ocean on Dec. 26, 2004 Hit 11 countries including Africa 50 ft high Killed 150,000 people Tsunami Video

  21. Kombai Tree People • Live in Sumatra, Jakarta, Kalimantan, and Papua New Guinea • Live in trees to escape the heat, mosquitoes, and monsoon floods • Indonesian government supports deforestation – destroying their homes

  22. Cyanide Fishing • Use cyanide to stun the fish – began in the 1970s • Illegal because it kills the coral • VERY profitable - $300 a plate at many restaurants for the famous Coral Grouper Fish • Indonesia is supposed to regulate this

  23. Philippines • Cultural heterogeneity • 70 languages (Filipino/ English official) • 7,100 islands • Long colonial rule by Spanish (300 yrs) • Under USA from 1898-1946 • 83% Catholic • High birthrate

  24. Mt. Pinatubo • 1991 2nd largest eruption of the 20th century • Released millions of tons of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere • Caused a worldwide decrease in temperature for the next few years • The US experienced its coldest winter in 77 years in 1992

  25. Singapore • Smallest country in SE Asia – 1 large city on 1 big island & 50 smaller ones • Deep, natural, sheltered harbor • Important trade route b/w Europe & E. Asia • British trading post • Currently important international trade & manufacturing center

  26. Malaysia • Oil reserves create revenue for developing manufacturing and agriculture • Machinery & transportation equipment

  27. Brunei • 50% of wealth comes from oil & natural gas • Free schooling • Free medical care

  28. East Timor • Democratic Republic formerly owned by the Portuguese • Mostly Catholic • Slash and burn technique = deforestation, 8% arable land • Was part of Indonesia until 1999 when freed by the United Nations

  29. Chinese Immigrants • Many Chinese migrate to Southeast Asia for better job opportunities • Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore have high numbers of Chinese immigrants

  30. ASEAN: Association of Southeast Asian Nations: promotes growth and peace in the region

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