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Asexual Reproduction presents:

Asexual Reproduction presents:. Mrs. Stewart Honors Biology: Cell Growth and Division. 1. 1. MITOSIS A CELL GROWTH AND DIVISION PRODUCTION. BELL WORK. How do little elephants grow up to be BIG elephants ?. BELL WORK .

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Asexual Reproduction presents:

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  1. Asexual Reproduction presents: Mrs. Stewart Honors Biology: Cell Growth and Division 1 1

  2. MITOSIS A CELL GROWTH AND DIVISION PRODUCTION

  3. BELL WORK How do little elephants grow up to be BIG elephants?

  4. BELL WORK Are the cells of the adult elephant larger than those of the baby?

  5. standards • CLE 3210.4.2 Describe the relationships among genes, chromosomes, proteins, and hereditary traits.

  6. Objectives • Evaluate the reasons for asexual reproduction in organisms • Differentiate between the different stages of the cell cycle in terms of order of occurrence, and chromosome location

  7. Let’s review:Chromosomes • What do they look like? • How many do humans have? They look like an “X” just before the cell divides and an “I” after they divide. • 46 (23 pairs) • (23 from mom, 23 from dad)

  8. Cell Division in eukaryotes • Mitosis = identical daughter cells with same amount of DNA • Meiosis = genetically different daughter cells with half the amount of DNA There are two different types of cell division Which type is performed depends on the kind of “daughter cells” that are desired

  9. Somatic Cells • Every cell in the body EXCEPT reproductive cells • Have all 46 chromosomes Gamete • Sexual reproduction cells (Example: sperm for males, Ova/eggs for females) • have half the amount DNA (23 chromosomes)

  10. Which cells do Mitosis? • Somatic • OR • Gametes

  11. Why do animals shed their skin? THINK – PAIR - SHARE

  12. How does a cut heal? THINK – PAIR - SHARE

  13. Asexual reproduction- Requires only ONE parent/cell- Makes Somatic cells • Three reasons why cells reproduce by asexual reproduction: 1. Growth 2. Repair 3. Replacement

  14. At what point does it become necessary for a cell to divide? When the cells resources are under too great a strain from it’s size • Cell Membrane not large enough to maintain needs coming in/going out • DNA, used for protein synthesis, cant keep up with demands • Organelles unable to keep up with demands (ie: waste removal)

  15. 2 Main Stages: • Interphase • G1 • S • G2 • Mitosis – M phase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase • Cytokinesis Cell Cycle

  16. Which phase does the cell spend the most time in? Interphase

  17. CELL CYCLE Create your graphic organizer

  18. Assignment: • Create a mnemonic device to help you remember – I-P-M-A-T-C • We will vote on the best one tomorrow in class. Winner gets a two day “slack” pass.

  19. animation • Mitosis animation–mcgraw-hill • Cell cycle animation – cells alive website • Mitosis – sumanas (step by step w/ tutorial and quiz)

  20. Time between cell divisions • 90% of a cell’s life 3 phases: • G1: Growth and everyday activities • S: DNA replication • G2: preparation for Mitosis (production of necessary proteins/organelles) Interphase

  21. The process of dividing the nucleus to create two daughter cells, identical to the mother cell Mitosis

  22. Mitosis • Creates two daughter cells that are identical to each other AND identical to the parent cell • Creates diploid cells (two sets of chromosomes in each daughter cell) • Allows organisms to grow • Allows organisms to replace damaged/worn out cells • P-M-A-T-C

  23. The DNA (chromatin) organizes into chromosomes • The nuclear membrane disappears • Centrosomes (centrioles) move to opposite ends of cell PROPHASE

  24. Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers (by their centromeres), and line up at the center of the cell METAPHASE Spindle Fibers – microtubules that help separate chromosomes during division

  25. Chromosomes separate at the centromere, and the sister chromatids are pulled toward opposite ends of the cell. ANAPHASE

  26. Chromosomes disorganize and the nuclear membrane begins to reform. TELOPHASE

  27. The division of the cell cytoplasm, usually beginning during Telophase and finalizing the production of two new daughter cells. Each new cell will have about ½ of the cytoplasm and organelles of the parent cell. CYTOKINESIS

  28. CLEAVAGE FURROW VS. CELL PLATE Plants Cell plate A cell wall is rigid and cannot flexibly move and pinch together to separate the newly formed cells. So, a cell plate forms between the two new cells. This cell plate will harden and become a cell wall for each. ANIMAL Cleavage furrow indentation of the cell membrane to form two separate cells CYTOKINESIS

  29. CLEAVAGE FURROW VS. CELL PLATE

  30. REMEMBER: • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase • Cytokinesis • IPLAY MUSIC AT THE CLUB I P M A T C

  31. Create your post-it note paper Musical chairs

  32. Animal Mitosis -- Review

  33. Plant Mitosis -- Review

  34. Reflection: Y • Identify the following: • Structure X • Structure Y • Which stage of the cell cycle is shown?

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