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Wide Area Networks in High Energy Physics

Wide Area Networks in High Energy Physics. The nature of the problem Addressing the needs. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory SC2006. The nature of HEP data. Accelerators Produce beams of high energy particles. CERN. which are utilized by…. Fermilab. The nature of HEP data.

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Wide Area Networks in High Energy Physics

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  1. Wide Area NetworksinHigh Energy Physics The nature of the problem Addressing the needs Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory SC2006

  2. The nature of HEP data • Accelerators • Produce beams of high energy particles CERN which are utilized by… Fermilab

  3. The nature of HEP data • Detectors • View the beam collisionsat MHz rates, generate… The D0 Experiment The CDF Experiment The CMS Experiment

  4. Raw Data With operational duty factors included get: The nature of HEP data • Selected (by fast hardwaresignals) collision “events” • ~1M channels, digitized, zero-suppressed • Typical parameters • ~ MB per event • ~ 100 Hz recorded • ~ 100 MB/sec • Organized into files • Several GB in size • Statistically independent • Grouped by • Time • Beam / detector conditions • Physics process 1 – 5 PB/yr per detector

  5. Data life cycle Reconstruction 1 or more passes over entire data set Summary & Selection Multiple physics “streams” Frequent access to data sets Analysis Multiple passes over reduced data sets Huge data sets,large processing requirements, too great for any single site Results

  6. Tier-0 Tier-1 Tier-1 Tier-2 Tier-2 Distributed Computing • For example, CMS computing model

  7. Data Storage at Fermilab • Storage resources • 8 automated tape libraries • >4 PB of existing custodial data (300 TB in Oct06!) • >500 TB distributed disk cache

  8. Data Storage at Fermilab Peaks of > 35 TB to & from tape/day It’s active data! 25 TB/day CMS read 250 TB from disk in one day It has to get off the Fermilab site to other locations… 50 TB/day

  9. WAN architecture • Separate production and high-impact paths • “Circuits” to remote sites • Multiple technical implementations • e.g. Policy routing • Increases complexity

  10. PB/mo = < 3 Gb/s> WAN utilization at Fermilab High impact path Production path A large amount of the data transfer is to/from external sites

  11. WAN transfers, CERN Tier-0 to Tier-1s Fermilab component Is ~ 150 MB/s = 1.2 Gb/s

  12. WAN transfers, FNAL Tier-1 to Tier-2s Many Tier-2s, Aggregate up to 300 MB/s = 2.4 Gb/s

  13. Network Issues • Remote sites have different network providers

  14. Network Issues • Transatlantic traffic

  15. Network Issues Path between sites is complex e.g. IN2P3 to Fermi Configuration, debugging, monitoring, challenging

  16. Network Issues • Redundancy and recovery • Example:Loss of high-impact trans-atlantic link

  17. Summary • Experiments producing multi-PB/yr data sets • Data storage and processing distributed world-wide • Multi-Gb networks provisioned

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