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Constructing an Earthquake Seismometer and Early Warning System

Constructing an Earthquake Seismometer and Early Warning System. Vardo Barsegyan , Sylvia Dhimdis , Matthew Ferrer , Dragos Guta , Jaesoon Lee, Arnold Martinez, Kenneth Moreno, Annie Norm, Lorenzo Rulli , Bryan Sanchez. Presentation Overview. Motivation Background: Seismology

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Constructing an Earthquake Seismometer and Early Warning System

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  1. Constructing an Earthquake Seismometer and Early Warning System VardoBarsegyan, Sylvia Dhimdis, Matthew Ferrer, DragosGuta, Jaesoon Lee, Arnold Martinez, Kenneth Moreno, Annie Norm, Lorenzo Rulli, Bryan Sanchez

  2. Presentation Overview • Motivation • Background: Seismology • Design and Construction of the Seismometer Warning System • Demonstration • Summary SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  3. Earthquakes 500,000 deaths in past 5 years Injuries Homeless families Japan 9.0: Over $300 Billion SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  4. We can not predict earthquakes.But we can give early warning . . . SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  5. What is an Earthquake? SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  6. Body Waves SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  7. Propagation of Seismic Waves SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  8. Seismogram Minimum Warning Time SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  9. How Can We Detect These Earthquakes? SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  10. Principles Applied • Newton’s Second Law • Hugyen’s Law • Faraday’s Law • Ohm’s Law • Damping/Resistance • Amplification • Digitization F=ma SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  11. Field Trip • Cal Tech Seismology Lab • Media Center • San Andreas Fault SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  12. System Overview SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  13. Building the Sensor SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  14. Old Seismograph http://slohs.slcusd.org/pages/teachers/rhamley/Plate%20Tectonics/seismograph.html SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  15. Building the Sensor • Works as the mass of the pendulum • Choosing the number of turns of the coil • More turns equals more voltage but harder to damp SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  16. Building the Sensor • Works as the “paper” of the sensor SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  17. Building the Sensor • Frequencies of P and S waves: 0.8 to 4 Hertz • T = 1/f • Length of the pendulum Θ T T H SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  18. Building the Sensor Pendulum Sensor Coil Magnet SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  19. Voltage from background motion is ~.5µV • Need at least 10 mV to display clearly Amplifier Voltage(out)=Gain*Voltage(in) Gain ≈ 20,000

  20. LabVIEW SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  21. LabVIEW SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  22. DemoNSTRATION SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  23. Problems • False alarms from human movement in lab • Learning lab view difficult • Need faster Computers SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  24. Accomplishments/Summary • Designed and built two seismometers capable of detecting ground motion down to 0.5µm per second • Designed and built one node of a complete earthquake alert system • Programmed seismometer data recording and retrieval system • Reviewed the concepts from math, physics, geology, computer science and engineering needed for the project SITE 2012 - Seismometer

  25. Questions? SITE 2012 - Seismometer

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