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Fragmented Europe: Between Identity Divisions and Calls for Unity

Explore the complexities of Europe's fragmented identity through a historical lens, highlighting centripetal and centrifugal forces at play. Delve into the challenges posed by national sovereignty assertions based on culture and the emergence of new states and border dynamics. Learn about devolution and the transfer of power, and examine autonomist and secessionist movements within the European Union. Discover how European nation-states have engaged in supranational projects and the ongoing debates between Euro pessimists and optimists. Dive into case studies on Turkey's EU relations and the UK's devolution process.

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Fragmented Europe: Between Identity Divisions and Calls for Unity

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  1. IV. Europe split betweenidentity fractions and a strongdesire for unity • Centripetal and Centrifugal forces workingsimultaneously • 45-50 States in Europe (depending on definition) • Europe = the mostfragmented continent on earth

  2. Nations assert recognition of their national sovereignty on a cultural basis • Trend increased in last 20 yrsbreaking up of empires and Federations (e.g. USSR, Yugoslavia, Tchekoslovakia)

  3. Balkans & East vastmovements of national religious groups recomposing • New states & bordersemerging

  4. Somememberswitnessedtheir national unitychallenged (e.g. Belgium, UK, Italy, Spain) due to weight of internal divisions

  5. Devolution: the transfer of power from the central government to sub-governments

  6. Mapof autonomistmovements in the EuropeanUnion, September 2013 - • Rednamesindicateregionswithmovementsthatonly claim greaterautonomywithin the actual state. • Black namesindicateregionswith important secessionistmovements, althoughbothcategoriesincludemoderatemovements. • The nations highlighted in colors are the territoriesclaimed by the local nationalist groups, including areas out of the state'sborders and cases of annexation to other states.

  7. B. In West, European nation-states 1st to enter exceptional supranational project Supranational organization: one which transcends national boundaries to make decisions on a geopolitical level

  8. Video: A BriefSummary of the History of the EU Enlargement

  9. Euro pessimists vs. Euro optimists

  10. Case Study 1: Turkey and the EU

  11. Case Study 2: The UK and Devolution

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