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7.6 引擎與致冷機

7.6 引擎與致冷機. 熱與功 引擎的效率 沒有完美的引擎 致冷機的效能係數 沒有完美的致冷機. 絕熱 Adiabatic Process 等溫 Isothermal Process 定壓 Isobaric process 定容 Isochoric process. 熱 (heat). The absorption of heat by solids and liquids Heat capacity Specific heat. Molar specific heat at constant volume C V.

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7.6 引擎與致冷機

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  1. 7.6 引擎與致冷機 • 熱與功 • 引擎的效率 沒有完美的引擎 • 致冷機的效能係數 沒有完美的致冷機 絕熱Adiabatic Process 等溫Isothermal Process 定壓Isobaric process 定容Isochoric process

  2. 熱(heat) • The absorption of heat by solids and liquids • Heat capacity • Specific heat

  3. Molar specific heat at constant volume CV

  4. Molar specific heat at constant pressure CP

  5. 功(work) • 理想氣體進行等溫 • 程序所作的功 理想氣體的狀態方程式

  6. 程序與等溫線 Process and Isotherms

  7. Process 絕熱Adiabatic Process 等溫Isothermal Process 定壓Isobaric process 定容Isochoric process

  8. 其他程序

  9. The First Lawof Thermodynamics

  10. 引擎

  11. The Stirling Engine

  12. The PV diagram • An isothermal expansion (ab) • A constant-volume process (bc) • An isothermal compression (cd) • A constant-volume process (da) efficiency

  13. 引擎的效率 • efficiency == • 一般摩托車之效率22﹪，所做功為2510 J，則廢熱Q為

  14. 致冷機

  15. 致冷機的效能係數 • coefficient of performance • K=

  16. 例二十 家用冰箱 K = 4.7，Q = 250 J（每循環） 電功 廢熱

  17. Entropy 熵 • Some one-way processes

  18. 7.6 傳統能源與再生能源

  19. Cost - Effect

  20. 美國維吉尼亞州的North Anna核電廠

  21. A nuclear fission

  22. 核分裂反應 中子 + 鈾235 氪 + 鋇 + 中子

  23. nuclear fission (chain reaction)

  24. Boiling Water Reactor Diagram

  25. Pressurized Water Reactor Diagram

  26. 輻射源

  27. A nuclear fusion

  28. 核融合反應 氘 + 氘  氦3 + 中子 + 能量 氘 + 氚  氦4 + 中子 + 能量

  29. nuclear fusion (the d-d cycle)

  30. 氫彈

  31. 電漿圍阻

  32. 磁圍阻核融合反應器 Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor

  33. Glowing Plasma inside TFTR

  34. Plasma Heating • Ohmic Heating • Neutral-Beam Injection • Magnetic Compression • Radio-frequency Heating

  35. Fusion Power Plant

  36. 新星核融合反應器

  37. Fuel pellets

  38. Comparison of Coal and Fusion Power

  39. The Advantage of Fusion Energy • Abundant Fuel Supply • No Risk of a Nuclear Accident • No Air Pollution • No High-level Nuclear Waste • No Generation of Weapons Material

  40. Nuclear Binding Energy

  41. 美國佛羅里達州Tampa的Big Bend 燃煤發電廠

  42. 美國猶他州Mona的Currant Creek 燃氣發電廠

  43. 西班牙雪維爾的PS10太陽能塔

  44. 太陽能槽

  45. 太陽光能發電廠

  46. How a PV cell works

  47. URFC

  48. Regenerative Fuel Cells in UAV

  49. Helios

  50. Siemens PEM Fuel Cell Powered Forklift

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