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RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended to Higher LHC and Future Accelerator Energies

This paper by Konstantin Goulianos presents extended predictions for diffractive processes in particle physics, specifically focusing on basic and combined diffractive processes, unitarization, and total cross section. The author discusses the renormalization and unitarization of diffractive processes and presents predictions that have been confirmed by experimental results. The paper includes references to previous talks and simulations.

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RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended to Higher LHC and Future Accelerator Energies

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  1. RENORMDiffractive Predictions Extended to Higher LHC and Future Accelerator Energies Konstantin Goulianos http://physics.rockefeller.edu/dino/my.html http://workshops.ift.uam-csic.es/LHCFPWG2015 RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  2. CONTENTS Basic and combined diffractive processes • Diffraction • SD1 p1p2p1+gap+X2 Single Diffraction / Dissociation –1 • SD2 p1p2X1+gap+p2 Single Diffraction / Dissociation - 2 • DD p1p2X1+gap+X2Double Diffraction / Double Dissociation • CD/DPE p1p2gap+X+gap Central Diffraction / Double Pomeron Exchange • RenormalizationUnitarization • RENORM Model • Triple-Pomeron Coupling • Total Cross Section • RENORM Predictions Confirmed • RENORM Predictions Extended • References • MBR MC Simulation in PYTHIA8, KG & R. Ciesielski, http://arxiv.org/abs/1205.1446 • Previous talk (predictions compared to preliminary CMS results) • MIAMI 2014 (slides)https://cgc.physics.miami.edu/Miami2014/Goulianos2014.pdf(17-23 Dec 2014) • Present talk (predictions compared to final CMS results) • CMS Soft Diffraction at 7 TeV: http://arxiv.org/format/1503.08689v1(30 Mar 2015) RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  3. RENORM: Basic and CombinedDiffractive Processes Basic and combined diffractive processes particles gap BASIC DD DD SD COMBINED SD Cross sections analytically expressed in arXiv below: 4-gap diffractive process-Snowmass 2001-http://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/0110240 RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  4. Regge Theory: Values of so & gPPP? KG-PLB 358, 379 (1995) a(t)=a(0)+a′t a(0)=1+e http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/037026939501023J Parameters: • s0, s0' and g(t) • set s0' = s0 (universal Pomeron) • determine s0 and gPPP –how? RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  5. Theoretical Complication: Unitarity! RENORM predictions fordiffraction at LHC confirmed A complicatiion…  Unitarity! • ssd grows faster than st as s increases *  unitarity violation at high s (also true for partial x-sections in impact parameter space) • the unitarity limit is already reached at √s ~ 2 TeV ! • need unitarization * similarly for (dsel/dt)t=0 w.r.t. st, but this is handled differently in RENORM RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  6. p’ p x,t p M 540 GeV 1800 GeV KG, PLB 358, 379 (1995) FACTORIZATION BREAKING IN SOFT DIFFRACTION Diffractive x-section suppressed relative to Regge prediction as √s increases Regge Factor of ~8 (~5) suppression at √s = 1800 (540) GeV RENORMALIZATION CDF Interpret flux as gap formation probability that saturates when it reaches unity √s=22 GeV http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/037026939501023J RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  7. t 2 independent variables: color factor Single Diffraction Renormalized - 1 KG  CORFU-2001: http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0203141 sub-energy x-section gap probability Gap probability  (re)normalize it to unity RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  8. color factor Single Diffraction Renormalized - 2 Experimentally: KG&JM, PRD 59 (114017) 1999 QCD: RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  9. Single Diffraction Renormalized - 3 set to unity  determines so RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  10. M2 - Distribution: Data M2 distribution: data  ds/dM2|t=-0.05 ~ independent of s over 6 orders of magnitude! KG&JM, PRD 59 (1999) 114017 http://physics.rockefeller.edu/publications.html Regge data 1 http://physics.rockefeller.edu/publications.html  factorization breaks down to ensure M2 scaling RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  11. Scale s0 and PPP Coupling Pomeron flux: interpret it as gap probability set to unity: determines gPPP and s0 KG, PLB 358 (1995) 379 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/037026939501023J Pomeron-proton x-section • Two free parameters: so and gPPP • Obtain product gPPP•soe / 2 from sSD • Renormalized Pomeron flux determines so • Get unique solution for gPPP RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  12. DD at CDF http://physics.rockefeller.edu/publications.html gap probability x-section Regge Renor’d x-section divided by integrated gap prob. RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  13. SDD at CDF http://physics.rockefeller.edu/publications.html • Excellent agreement between data and MBR (MinBiasRockefeller) MC RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  14. CD/DPE at CDF http://physics.rockefeller.edu/publications.html • Excellent agreement between data and MBR based MC  Confirmation that both low and high mass x-sections are correctly implemented RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  15. RENORM Difractive Cross Sections a1=0.9, a2=0.1, b1=4.6 GeV-2, b2=0.6 GeV-2, s′=s e-Dy, k=0.17, kb2(0)=s0, s0=1 GeV2, s0=2.82 mb or 7.25 GeV-2 RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  16. Total, Elastic, and Inelastic x-Sections CMG KG Moriond 2011, arXiv:1105.1916 GeV2 selp±p=stotp±p×(sel/stot)p±p, with sel/stot from CMG small extrapol. from 1.8 to 7 and up to 50 TeV ) RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  17. The total x-section √sF=22 GeV Main error is due to s0 98 ± 8 mb at 7 TeV 109 ±12 mb at 14 TeV RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  18. How to Reduce Uncertainty in s0 • glue-ball-like object  “superball” • mass 1.9 GeV  ms2= 3.7 GeV • agrees with RENORM so=3.7 • Error in s0 can be reduced by factor ~4 from a fit to these data •  reduces error in st RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  19. TOTEM (2012) vs PYTHIA8-MBR MBR: 71.1±5 mb superball±1.2 mb sinel7 TeV= 72.9 ±1.5 mb sinel8 TeV= 74.7 ±1.7 mb TOTEM, G. Latino talk at MPI@LHC, CERN 2012 RENORM: 71.1±1.2 mb RENORM: 72.3±1.2 mb RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  20. ATLAS - in Diffraction 2014 (Talk by Marek Taševský, slide#19) http://www.cs.infn.it/en/web/external_community/home RENORM: 98.0±1.2 mb 19 RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  21. The CMS Detector CD DD SD ND CASTOR forward calorimeter important for separating SD from DD contributions RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  22. CMS Data vs MC Models (2015)-1 SD dominated data DD dominated data • Error bars are dominated by systematics • DD data scaled downward by 15% (within MBR and CDF data errors) RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  23. CMS Data vs MC Models (2015) -2 Central h-gap x-sections (DD dominated) • .P8-MBR provides the best fit to data • .All above models too low at small Dh RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  24. SD/DD Extrapolations to xx ≤ 0.05 vs MC Models RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  25. pT Distr’s of MCs vs Pythia8 Tuned to MBR  Pythia8 tuned to MBR • COLUMNS • Mass Regions • Low 5.5<MX<10 GeV • Med. 32<MX<56 GeV • High 176<MX<316 GeV • ROWS • MC Models • PYTHIA8-MBR • PYTHIA8-4C • PYTHIA6-Z2* • PHOJET • QGSJET-II-03 • QGSJET-04 • EPOS-LHC • CONCLUSION • PYTHIA8-MBR agrees best with the reference model and is used by CMS in extrapolating to the unmeasured regions. RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  26. Charged Mult’s vs MC Model – 3 Mass Regions Pythia8 parameters tuned to reproduce multiplicities of modified gamma distribution (MGD) KG, PLB 193, 151 (1987) http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0370269387904746 • Mass Regions • Low 5.5<MX<10 GeV • Med. 32<MX<56 GeV • High 176<MX<316 GeV CERN ISR 52.6 GeV - SppS 540 GeV Diffractive data vs MGD - CERN ISR & SppS w/MGD fit 0 < pT < 1.4 GeV RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  27. Pythia8-MBR Hadronization Tune Diffraction: tune SigmaPomPDiffraction: QuarkNorm/Power parameter PYTHIA8 default sPp(s) expected from Regge phenomenology for s0=1 GeV2 and DL t-dependence. • good description of low multiplicity tails Red line:-best fit to multiplicity distributions. (in bins of Mx, fits to higher tails only, default pT spectra) RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos 27 R. Ciesielski, “Status of diffractive models”, CTEQ Workshop 2013

  28. SD and DD x-Sections vs Models Single Diffraction Includes ND background Double Diffraction RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  29. CMS vs MC & ATLAS Uncorrected ΔηF distribution vs MCs Stable-particle x-sections for pT>200 MeV and |h|<4.7 compared to the ATLAS 2012 result similar result RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  30. Monte Carlo Algorithm - Nesting Profile of a pp Inelastic Collision gap gap gap gap gap no gap t t y'c t t2 t1 evolve every cluster similarly ln s′ =Dy′ final state of MC w/no-gaps Dy′ > Dy'min Dy‘ < Dy'min generate central gap hadronize repeat until Dy' < Dy'min RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

  31. SUMMARY • Introduction • Diffractive cross sections: • basic: SD1,SD2, DD, CD (DPE) • combined: multigap x-sections • ND  no diffractive gaps: • this is the only final state to be tuned • Monte Carlo strategy for the LHC – “nesting” derived from ND and QCD color factors Warm thanks to my CDF and CMS colleagues, and to Office of Science of DOE Special thanks to Robert A. Ciesielski, my collaborator in the PYTHIA8-MBR project Thank you for your attention! RENORM Diffractive Predictions Extended K.Goulianos

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