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Mastering Spelling Rules: Consonants Before "Y"

This guide explores an essential spelling rule: when a word ends with "y" preceded by a consonant, change "y" to "i" when adding suffixes that do not begin with "i". We discuss exceptions, such as words preceded by a vowel, and provide examples like "historical" and "payment". In addition, we cover commonly misspelled words, roots, prefixes, suffixes, and commonly confused words to enhance your vocabulary. Learn effective academic verbs, and improve your overall writing skills with this comprehensive overview.

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Mastering Spelling Rules: Consonants Before "Y"

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  1. Spelling Unit #10 Spelling “rule” of the week: When a word ends in y and is preceded by a consonant, usually change the y to i when adding a suffix that does not begin with i. Do not change the y if it is preceded by a vowel or if adding -ing. Exceptions: dryness, fryer, pay--paid

  2. Focus Rule Words: 1) historical (histor [y to i] + cal) 2) enjoying(keep the y-- preceded by a voweland adding -ing) 3) marrying (keep the y-- adding -ing) 4) buyer (keep the y-- y is preceded by a vowel) 5) payment (keep the y-- y is preceded by a vowel)

  3. Academic Verbs: 6) contextualizeto mention important related information Contextualize a quote used in a Response to Literature essay; mention when and why a character said that. 7) rejectto refuse to accept Many dog trainers reject the saying that “old dogs can’t learn new tricks.” 8) concedeto gowith (together), admit truth I finally conceded that old dogs can learn new tricks; fifteen-year-old Fido just learned to play dead! (Or is he really dead?)

  4. Commonly misspelled words: 9) attendance Did they take attendanceat the dance? 10) cafeteria (A cafeteria is a cafe with a long counter.) 11) niece(i before e except after c…)

  5. Roots/prefixes/suffixes: cise = cut graph = writing bio = life photo = light

  6. 12) concise to “cut to the chase,” using just the right words 13) biographywriting about someone’s life 14) photograph a writing (or recording) of light on film 15) photosynthesis using light to make something (put together)

  7. Commonly confused words: 16) conscious(adjective) aware Are you conscious of your snoring? 17) conscience(noun) the feeling of morality Lying goes against my conscience.

  8. Review Words: 18) beautiful (beaut [y to i] + ful) 19) happiness(happ [y to i] + ness) 20) surprise (sur + prise)

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