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Animal Reproduction Cycles in Invertebrates

Explore asexual reproduction methods in invertebrates like budding and fragmentation, including gemmules in freshwater sponges. Learn how Cnidarians reproduce and adapt to environmental constraints.

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Animal Reproduction Cycles in Invertebrates

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  1. Lecture 5Animal Evolution – The Invertebrates

  2. Their Reproduction Cycle • Some reproduce asexually-by budding/fragmentation • Fragmentation; small fragments break away from parents to form new sponges. • Most freshwater reproduce asexually using gemmules. • Gemmules: • clusters of sponge cells with hard covering around them; withstand environmental constraints such as oxygen-poor water, drying out and freezing. • favorable condition germinates to form young sponge.

  3. Cnidarians

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