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Alexander the Great. Section 3 Overview. This section discusses Alexander the Great, his wide-reaching empire, and how his conquest spread Hellenism throughout southwest Asia. Alexander the Great. Locating Places. Macedonia ( MA ·suh·DOH·nee·uh ) . Chaeronea ( KEHR ·uh·NEE·uh) .
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Alexander the Great Section 3 Overview This section discusses Alexander the Great, his wide-reaching empire, and how his conquest spread Hellenism throughout southwest Asia.
Alexander the Great Locating Places • Macedonia (MA·suh·DOH·nee·uh) • Chaeronea (KEHR·uh·NEE·uh) • Syria (SIHR·ee·uh) • Alexandria (A·lihg·ZAN·dree·uh) Meeting People • Philip II • Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great Building Your Vocabulary • legacy (LEH·guh·see) • Hellenistic Era (HEH·luh·NIHS·tihk)
Alexander the Great Macedonia Attacks Greece • Macedonia was a powerful kingdom that lay north of Greece. • Philip II needed to unite Greece with Macedonia to defeat the Persian Empire. • After training a vast army, Philip began taking over the Greek city-states.
Alexander the Great Macedonia Attacks Greece • A lawyer named Demosthenes tried to warn the Athenians about Philip, but it was too late. • The Macedonians defeated the Greeks at the Battle of Chaeronea. • After this battle, Philip controlled all of Greece.
Alexander the Great Alexander Builds an Empire • Alexander the Great became king of Macedonia after his father, Philip, died. • Alexander began his conquest of the Persian Empire in 334 B.C. with the Battle of Granicus. • Alexander’s forces destroyed the Persian forces. • A year later, Alexander defeated the Persian army at Issus and freed the Greek cities in Asia Minor.
Alexander the Great Alexander Builds an Empire • He then captured Syria and Egypt. • Alexander built the city of Alexandria as the center of business. • It became one of the most important cities in the ancient world. • Alexander continued his conquest of the Persian Empire by fighting in modern Pakistan, India, and Iran.
Alexander the Great Alexander Builds an Empire • In 323 B.C., Alexander planned to invade southern Arabia, but he became ill and died. • A legacy is what a person leaves behind when he or she dies. • Alexander’s legacy is his skill and daring. • Alexander’s conquests marked the beginning of the Hellenistic Era.
Alexander the Great Alexander Builds an Empire The lighthouse of Alexandria was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. A fire in its tall tower guided ships into harbor.
Alexander the Great Alexander Builds an Empire • This was a time when Greek language and ideas spread to non Greek areas of southwest Asia. • After Alexander’s death, his generals fought for power, and Alexander’s empire ended. • Four kingdoms emerged in its place. • Government business in the four kingdoms was conducted in the Greek language.
Alexander the Great Alexander Builds an Empire • People who did not speak Greek could not hold government jobs. • This helped the Greeks maintain control. • New cities were created in the Hellenistic Era, and these cities needed architects, engineers, and philosophers. • The rulers of the four kingdoms sent Greek colonists to southwest Asia to help build the cities. In this way, Greek culture spread.