1 / 50

The Renaissance

The Renaissance. Instruments. String Instruments. The Lute—Pre-16 th Century. Plucked (Other related instruments: vihuela, guitar, cittern, bandore, orpharion mandora and mandolin). Lute. Lute. The Viol Family—Late 15 th Century.

ahmed-case
Download Presentation

The Renaissance

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. The Renaissance Instruments

  2. String Instruments

  3. The Lute—Pre-16th Century • Plucked • (Other related instruments: vihuela, guitar, cittern, bandore, orpharion mandora and mandolin)

  4. Lute

  5. Lute

  6. The Viol Family—Late 15th Century • Included different sizes, requiring different methods of performing • Viola da braccio (“Viol of the Arm”) • Viola da gamba (“Viol of the leg”) • Have fretted fingerboards and six strings

  7. Viol

  8. The Violin Family—Middle 16th Century • Slower to develop than viol • Still Different Sizes • No Frets • 4 strings

  9. Viol Violin

  10. Wind Instruments Woodwind

  11. The Recorder-Late 14th Century • Pitched in ranges similar to human voice (soprano, alto, tenor and bass)—(by the end of 15th century) • Original instruments in one piece (currently several) • Holes covered (or uncovered) to change pitches

  12. Recorder

  13. The Chalumeau-Early Clarinet (hence the name of the lower clarinet register) • Recorder with a reed • Late 16th Century

  14. The Shawm—14th Century • Double-Reed • Early Oboe • Like Recorder had a holed-system • Pitched in ranges similar to human voice

  15. Shawm

  16. The Crumhorn (Krumhorn)-- • Capped (Covered) Double-Reed • Early Bassoonish instrument • Like Recorder had a holed-system • Pitched in ranges similar to human voice

  17. Crumhorn

  18. The Curtal-- • Double-Reed • Most closely related to the bassoon • Like Recorder had a holed-system • Made by folding shawm in half • Has bores (tubing) inside the casing that we see • Pitched in ranges similar to human voice • Racket is related instrument (tightly-sound cylindrical bores inside casing)

  19. Curtal p.138

  20. Racket

  21. The Bagpipes and Bladder Pipes • Well, they did all the other stuff that has been mentioned and held the air with a bag or bladder.

  22. Bladder Pipe

  23. Bagpipe

  24. Wind Instruments Brass

  25. Brass Instruments • Most were limited to a single key • Changed by slurring between registers (within harmonic series)

  26. The Trumpet • Slide or Straight

  27. The Sackbut • Predecessor to the Trombone • Used a slide

  28. Sackbut

  29. The Serpent Horn • Large Curved Brass Instrument in the shape of, um…a serpent! • Changed notes with holes • Predecessor of the Tuba

  30. Curtel Serpent

  31. Percussion Instruments Not a whole lot has changed They were still struck

  32. The Long Drum

  33. Tambourine The Long Drum and the Short Drum?

  34. Keyboard Instruments

  35. The Organ • Featured multiple registers (several sets of pipes) • Smaller organs required the performer to operate the bellows with one hand while playing with the other • Larger organs allowed a second person to operate the bellows, allowing the performer to use both hands

  36. Portative-Table top Organ Claviorganum, 1598Made by Laurentium HauslaibNuremberg, Germany

  37. Regal, 1575 Two-Person Organ (Pipes not shown)

  38. The Harpsichord— Late 14th Century • Played as a either a solo or accompanying instrument • Different stops or pulls allowed the player to access different octaves on the same keys AND to play different dynamics • (Keys were reversed—white vs. black)

  39. Harpsichord

  40. The Clavichord— Early 15th Century • Small solo or home practice instrument • Strings hit with hammer (inside) • Allowed change in dynamics with finger pressure

  41. Clavichord (Germany, 1710)

  42. The Renaissance Instrumental and Dance Music

  43. Instrumental Music • 4 Types: • Intabulations • Variations • Freely Composed/Abstract Works • Dance Music

  44. Intabulations • Arrangement of a vocal work for plucked string instruments or keyboard • Often times from a chanson (or related work) • Included lute, guitar, vihuela, cittern, pandora, harpsichord • First publication devoted entirely to keyboard music Frottole intabulate da sonare organi, was published in Rome in 1517 by Andrea Antico

  45. Variations • Theme and Variation • Theme is presented…and then it is varied (with ornamentation and embellishment). • Often times motive statement and restatement techniques are used. ♫3:10 (Cabezon, 1510-1566, Harpsichord)

  46. Freely Composed/Abstract • No established form • Important genres: • Ricercar • Fantasia • Tocatta

  47. Freely Composed/Abstract ♫Bonus:5 (Spinacino, 1507, Lute) • Ricercar-Italian, “To research, to seek out” • “Seeks out” more or thematic idea • Runs and passagework • Dramatic pause • Rubato feel (freely, varying tempo) LATER: • Mainly pervading imitation and very similar to style and form of motets ♫3:10 (Gabrieli, 1589, cornets and sackbuts)

  48. Freely Composed/Abstract • Toaccata-Italian toccare, “to touch” • Lightly touching piano keys (moving passages) • Freely constructed and unrelated to any preexistent material • Fantasia-Fantasy on composers imagination • Similar to toccata • Implores the use of most techniques described thus far (pervading imitation, theme and variation, motive restatements, etc.)

  49. Dance Music ♫3:11-12 (Praetorius, 1612, Various) • Provided as dance music • Several types, distinguishable: • Pavane: slow, courtly dance (two) • Passamezzo: Like pavane, but lighter step • Bourree: Lively (two) • Salterello: Lively (usually follows slower dance) • Galliarde: More Lively than salterello…requires leaps from dancers • Volta: vigorous, turning dance (Italian voltare “to turn”) • Branle: Line dance • Moresca: Dance influenced by “Moorish” styles (Northern Africa and Spain) • Rondo: Round Dance large group in a circle—lively tempo

More Related