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Sensation

Perceptual Constancies. Gestalt Principles. Basic Principles. Visual Illusions. Depth Perception. Perception. We are here. Vision. Hearing. Sensation. Theories. The Eye. Theories. Other Senses. The Ear. Smell. Pain. Taste. Essential Task 4-2:.

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Sensation

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  1. Perceptual Constancies Gestalt Principles Basic Principles Visual Illusions Depth Perception Perception We are here Vision Hearing Sensation Theories The Eye Theories Other Senses The Ear Smell Pain Taste

  2. Essential Task 4-2: • Vision - relevant anatomical structures • Path light travels (cornea, pupil, iris, lens, and retina) • optic nerve, blind spot and fovea • Transduction (rods and cones) • Color Vision • The trichromatic theory of color vision • Color Blindness • Opponent process theory of color vision • After-Image Effect

  3. Vision • Our most dominating sense. • Visual Capture

  4. Phase One: Gathering Light • The height of a wave gives us it’s intensity (brightness). • The length of the wave gives us it’s hue (color). • ROY G BIV • The longer the wave the more red. • The shorter the wavelength the more violet.

  5. Phase Two: Getting the light in the eye

  6. Rods and Cones

  7. Phase Three: Transduction

  8. Transduction Continued • Order is Rods/Cones to Bipolar to Ganglion to Optic Nerve. • Sends info to thalamus • Then sent to cerebral cortexes.

  9. Phase Four: In the Brain • Goes to the Visual Cortex located in the Occipital Lobe of the Cerebral Cortex. • Feature Detectors. • Parallel Processing We have specific cells that see the lines, motion, curves and other features of this turkey. These cells are called feature detectors.

  10. Parallel Processing • Multitasking ability that lets our brain handle many aspects simultaneously. • In vision, we work separately and simultaneously on color, movement, depth and form.

  11. Color Vision Two Major Theories

  12. Trichromatic Theory Three types of cones: • Red • Blue • Green • These three types of cones can make millions of combinations of colors. • Does not explain color blindness well.

  13. With light, the more colors you mix, the more wavelengths of light will be reflected. All light colors together = white. With paint, the more colors you mix, the fewer wavelengths of light will be reflected. All paint colors together = black.

  14. Opponent-Process theory Further up in the optic nerve, neurons work in pairs to help process color vision signals Red/Green • Yellow/Blue • Black/White • If one color is stimulated, the other is inhibited.

  15. Color Blindness Dichromatic problems with reds and greens Dichromatic Problems with reds and greens Dichromatic Problems with Blues and Greens

  16. Color Blindness Tests

  17. Color Constancy: perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color, even if changing illumination alters the wavelengths reflected by the object. our perception of color depends on context

  18. Neuroscience of ghosts!

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