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The dust bowl

The dust bowl. 1931 – 1939. What was the Dust Bowl?. Where was the Dust Bowl? Who did the Dust Bowl affect? Was it serious? How did the Dust Bowl happen?. The Great Plains.

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The dust bowl

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  1. The dust bowl 1931 – 1939

  2. What was the Dust Bowl? Where was the Dust Bowl? Who did the Dust Bowl affect? Was it serious? How did the Dust Bowl happen?

  3. The Great Plains Buffalo grass roots are 5 feet deep. The ground is moist at 1 foot deep. Sometimes there are droughts. There is always a breeze.

  4. Wheat fields Farmers grew wheat, a lot of wheat. They also raised cattle.

  5. Farmers plow more land World War I came. Europe needed wheat. American farmers sold it for $2.00 a bushel. After the war, the price dropped to $1.00 a bushel. Farmers still needed to pay their bills, so they plowed more land.

  6. Farmers plowing at night They worked day and night to grow more wheat and pay their bills.

  7. 1929 The Great Depression • The stock market crashed. • Banks failed. • Companies failed. • People lost their jobs. • People lost their homes. • Prices dropped. • Farmers still had the same debt. • No longer $2.00 a bushel for wheat. • No longer $1.00 a bushel for wheat. • At one point, wheat dropped to 17 cents a bushel.

  8. Supply and Demand • If an item is rare, and people want or need it, then it costs more money. • During World War I, wheat sold in Europe and USA for $2.00 a bushel. There was demand. • If there is an abundance of an item, then it costs less. • After World War I, farmers sold wheat only in USA. The cost dropped because there was less demand. • Farmers produced more wheat making the cost lower still.

  9. Wait, let’s think! What happens if there is a drought and continuous wind? BUFFALO GRASS ROOTS GROW 5 FEET DEEP WHEAT ROOTS GROW 8 INCHES IN 2 MONTHS • Buffalo grass helps keep moisture in the ground • Roots are already very deep • Protects the soil from erosion • Planted in freshly plowed soil • Takes months for roots to grow deep • Plowing loosens the soil

  10. The Dust Bowl What is this?

  11. The Dust Bowl Think-Pair-Share

  12. Sand, blown by the wind, piles up in dunes in front of a farm house in Cimarron County, Oklahoma. 1936

  13. Dust Bowl Farmer raising fence April 1936

  14. Son of a farmer in Dust Bowl Area April 1936

  15. The Lincoln Memorial 21 March 1935

  16. Newspaper clippings 1930’s

  17. Oklahoma dust bowl refugees. San Fernando, California June 1935

  18. Farmer and sons walking in the face of a dust storm. Cimarron County, Oklahoma April 1936

  19. “Destitute pea pickers in California. Mother of seven children. Age 32 March 1937

  20. Fireside Chat with FDR Fireside chat

  21. Ken Burns’ PBS special http://video.pbs.org/video/2272961927

  22. Woodie GuthrieDust Bowl Refuge http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_ehYkr0NhU

  23. Sources • Source #1: Winters, Steven. “Patch Burning – Biodiversity and Fire Grazing.” Photograph. Oklahoma State University 2006. https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&sugexp=les%3B&gs_rn=3&gs_ri=psy-ab&cp=10&gs_id=12&xhr=t&q=great+plains&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.&bvm=bv.42553238,d.dmQ&biw=1680&bih=931&um=1&ie=UTF-8&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=LrYdUfPXFOH20gGN6YCABA#imgrc=5tnEhDusf9dnJM%3A%3BD_rRxeEL6FTWYM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Ffireecology.okstate.edu%252Fimages%252FTGPP%252520bison%252520on%252520patch4.JPG%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Ffireecology.okstate.edu%252Fpatch_burning__biodiversityfiregrazing.html%3B2256%3B1496 (13 Feb 2013). • Source #2: Front Porch, Fat Johnny. “Wheat Field.” Photograph. Topeka, Kansas; July 2009. https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&site=imghp&tbm=isch&source=hp&biw=1680&bih=931&q=wheat+field+midwest&oq=wheat+field+midwest&gs_l=img.3...2386.10449.0.10552.19.9.0.10.10.0.77.469.9.9.0...0.0...1ac.1.3.img.sRwpeUpp--U#imgrc=0r3VyGD16JqOGM%3A%3Be915wk02TAsCIM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252F2.bp.blogspot.com%252F_8XIbd_8uaPM%252FSm5XGTqAMmI%252FAAAAAAAACns%252F5IvNAoly1Mo%252Fs400%252Fwheat_field.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fchez-frontporch.blogspot.com%252F2009_07_01_archive.html%3B400%3B267 (13 Feb 2013). • Source #3: Attribution unknown. “Three Tractors Plowing at Night.” Shutterstock. https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&site=imghp&tbm=isch&source=hp&biw=1680&bih=931&q=1920+farmers+plowing+at+night&oq=1920+farmers+plowing+at+night&gs_l=img.3...3325.14555.0.14955.31.10.1.20.21.0.120.634.8j2.10.0...0.0...1ac.1.3.img.0UEuGQamt0c#imgrc=EOCNOFj93ZMZtM%3A%3BhSBC41SuXK7OwM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fak7.picdn.net%252Fshutterstock%252Fvideos%252F981925%252Fpreview%252Fstock-footage-three-tractors-plowing-at-night.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Ffootage.shutterstock.com%252Fclip-1598092-stock-footage-tractor-plowing-at-night.html%3B400%3B224 (13 Feb 2013). • Source #4: Attribution unknown. “Sunday, April 14, 1935. Dust Clouds rolling over the Prairies.” Photograph. Stoveall Studio. Dodge City, Kansas, 1935. Special Collections, Wichita State University Library. • http://specialcollections.wichita.edu/exhibits/soulofapeople/images/hard%20times/1%20dust.html (16 Feb 2013).

  24. Sources continued • Source #5: Garia, Bert. “Three Girls Model Mask.” Photograph. Keystone/Hulton Archive/ Getty Images. Ca 1935. http://www.history.co.uk/explore-history/history-of-america/entry/gallery.html (13 Feb 2013). • Source # 6: Rothstein, Arthur. “Sand, blown by the wind, piles up in dunes in front of farmhouse in Cimarron, County, Oklahoma.” Photograph. Cimarron County, Oklahoma. April 1936. Library of Congress: Dust Bowl Collection. http://www.circleofblue.org/waternews/2012/commentary/editorial-in-the-circle-fresh-focus/ken-burnss-the-dust-bowl-revives-an-american-tragedy/ (13 Feb 2013). • Source #7: Rothstein, Arthur. “Dust bowl farmer raising fence to keep it from being buried under drifting sand. Cimarron County, Oklahoma.” • Photograph. Cimarron County, Oklahoma. April 1936. Library of Congress: Dust Bowl Collection. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/fsa1998018982/PP/ (16 Feb 2013). • Source #8: Rothstein, Arthur. “Son of farmer in dust bowl area.” Photograph. Cimarron County, Oklahoma. April 1936. Library of Congress: Dust Bowl Collection. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3c30123/ (15 Feb 2013). • Source #9: Attribution unknown. “The Lincoln Memorial in the Middle of a Dust Storm.” 21 March 1935 http://www.weta.org/tv/picks/dustbowl/perfectstorm (16 Feb 2013). • Source #10: Attribution unknown. “Collage of 1930’s headlines about the Dust Bowl. (Library of Congress)” Photograph. American Business 20 April 2011. http://american-business.org/2454-dust-bowl.html (16 Feb 2013). • Source #11: Lange, Dorothea. “Oklahoma dust bowl refuges. San Fernando, California.” Photograph. San Fernando, California. June 1936. From Library of Congress: Dust Bowl Collection. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/fsa1998018535/PP/ (16 Feb 2013). • Source12: Rothstein, Arthur. “Farmer and sons walking in the face of a dust storm. Cimarron County, Oklahoma.” Photograph. Cimarron County, Oklahoma. April 1936. From Library of Congress: Dust Bowl Collection. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/fsa1998018983/PP/ (16 Feb 2013). • Source 13: Lange, Dorothea. “Destitute pea pickers in California. Mother of seven children. Age 32.” Photograph. Calipatria, California. March 1937. From Library of Congress: Dust Bowl Collection. (Not digitized). https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&site=imghp&tbm=isch&source=hp&biw=1680&bih=931&q=dust+bowl+photos&oq=dust+bowl&gs_l=img.1.6.0l10.994.2328.0.7501.9.7.0.2.2.0.83.411.7.7.0...0.0...1ac.1.3.img.uYKZQ3RqT88#imgrc=0hbsOLgIEm6VSM%3A%3B_5v3JZ7-GoGNwM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.laobserved.com%252Fassets_c%252F2012%252F11%252Fdust-bowl-nipomo-lange-thumb-600x477-17051.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.laobserved.com%252Farchive%252F2012%252F11%252Fthe_dust_bowl_as_biggest.php%3B600%3B477 (13 Feb 2013)

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