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Velkommen

Velkommen. The Missing Side of the Triangle: Mind the Gap Gordon Jack Professor of Social Work Northumbria University, England. Neighbourhood Influences on Child Sexual Abuse. 2 9. 31. 3 5. 3 7. 3 8. Oaks Avenue. 22. 22. 18. 17. 16. 15. 13. 12. 11. 7. 5. 4. 3. 2.

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Velkommen

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  1. Velkommen

  2. The Missing Side of the Triangle:Mind the GapGordon JackProfessor of Social WorkNorthumbria University, England

  3. Neighbourhood Influences on Child Sexual Abuse 2 9 31 3 5 3 7 3 8 Oaks Avenue 22 22 18 17 16 15 13 12 11 7 5 4 3 2

  4. Location of Children’s Homes(England, 31st March 2012) • The Children Act 1989 places a duty on local authorities in England to provide enough accommodation to meet the needs of ‘looked after children’ (LAC) in their area - accommodation should normally be within the LA’s area/near to the child’s home/not disrupt the child’s education (LAs must also promote contact between LAC and their families) BUT • Following a successful court case in 2012, when a network of men were successfully prosecuted for sexually abusing under-age girls in care, over several years, in one town (Rochdale) in the NW of England, it was revealed that: • 45% of children in residential care in England live outside their local authority area • ‘Children are often hundreds of miles from home, friends and family’ (Tim Laughton, Minister for Children)

  5. Migration of LAC in Children’s Homes in England 31st March 2012 2,640 LAC placed in children’s homes inside local council boundary 2,250 LAC placed in children’s homes outside local council boundary North West: 17% of all LAC but 25% of all children’s homes Greater London: 15% of all LAC, but only 6% of all children’s homes West Midlands: 13% of all LAC/ 16% of all children’s homes South West: 8% of all LAC/ 10% of all children’s homes

  6. Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and their Families (Department of Health et al, 2000)

  7. Gap between rhetoric and reality • The Child’s World • Questionnaires and Scales • Assessment Forms

  8. Interactions across the triangle Ensuring Safety Education Emotional & Behavioural Development Emotional Warmth Community Resources Family’s Social Integration Housing Family History & Functioning Employment

  9. Interactions along each side of the triangle Community Resources Family’s Social Integration Income Employment Housing Wider Family Family History & Functioning

  10. Neighbourhood Variations in Reported Child Maltreatment • Percentage living in poverty • Percentage unemployed • Percentage female-headed households • Percentage living in over-crowded households • Percentage African-American • Percentage Hispanic • Percentage affluent (coded negatively) • Median educational attainment • Percentage resident for under five years Together, these nine variables accounted for 79% of the variation in reported cases of child maltreatment between four different areas of Chicago. So what can explain the remaining variation? (see Garbarino and Kostelny, 1992, Neighbourhood and community influences on parenting. In T. Luster and L. Okagaki (eds.) Parenting: An Ecological Perspective, Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum)

  11. Reported and predicted child maltreatment: Two matched neighbourhoods in Chicago Child maltreatment rate (per 1,000 population) 20 Higher- risk Lower- risk 0 1980 1983 1986 North-reported North-predicted West-predicted West-reported City average rate

  12. Community-oriented Safeguarding Projects(For references see G. Jack and O. Gill, 2009, The role of communities in safeguarding children and young people, Child Abuse Review, 19: 82-96) • The Henley Project/Comprehensive Neighbourhood Mapping (Baldwin and Carruthers, 1998; Nelson and Baldwin, 2002, 2004) • NSPCC – Tilbury Project (Wright, 2004) 3. Family Support & Child Protection for Asian Families (Atkar et al, 2002)

  13. The Building Blocks of Community-oriented Safeguarding Practice • Creating a culture of listening to children and families • Recognizing and supporting the safeguarding activities of local people • Promoting partnership approaches to extending local provision • Some limitations and risks

  14. Familieafdelingen. Arbejdet med den vigtige side af trekanten i Familieafdelingen Frederiksberg. Lasse Borre Jensen. Desireé Toft Nielsen og Claus Jørgensen

  15. Familieafdelingen. Fakta om Frederiksberg kommune: Indbyggertal: 100.000 personer heraf 12.000 personer under 18 år. Størrelse: 8 km2. Omkredset af København på alle sider. 5 lokale døgninstitutioner på Frederiksberg. 10 folkeskoler. 25% af børnene går på privat skoler.

  16. Familieafdelingen. Fakta om Familieafdelingen: Modtageteamet – 6 socialrådgivere. Børnefamiliesagsbehandlingen – 12 socialrådgivere. Specialkonsulentgruppen – 5 socialrådgivere. Handicapkonsulentgruppen – 4 socialrådgivere. Aktuelle udfordringer: Flere og flere børn og unge diagnosticeres. Stigende antal underretninger.

  17. Familieafdelingen. Hvordan synliggøres bunden af trekanten? Familiens relationer til omgivelserne. Slægtninge og andre i familiens netværk. Lokalsamfundsressourcer. Boligen. Beskæftigelse/ økonomi. Familiens historie og funktion. Hvordan udbredes skjult viden i lokalsamfundene? Projekter i kommunen. Sagsbehandlernes personlige kendskab.

  18. Familieafdelingen. Helt simpelt! - har vi på Frederiksberg valgt en visuel tilgang:

  19. Familieafdelingen. Kortet bidrager til at sagsbehandleren på en konstruktiv og hurtig måde kan sætte det udsatte barn i relation til lokalsamfundet. kriminalitet. understøttende faktorer. udsathed. særlige projekter.

  20. Danmarksgården: • Befolkning: Blandet etniske gr. Socialt boligbyggeri. Distriktsskole: Skolen ved søerne. • Klub: Filippa. • Projekter: • Boligsocial indsats. • Gadepiloterne. • Bydelsmødre. • Børne ambassadører. Familieafdelingen.

  21. Lindevangs parken: • Befolkning: Blandet etniske gr. • Socialt boligbyggeri. Distriktsskole: Lindevangskolen. Klub: Cassiopeia. Ungdomskriminalitet. Projekter: Projekt ”Drop in” Gadepiloterne. Boligsocial indsats. Familieafdelingen. .

  22. Familieafdelingen. • Bunden af Trekanten. • Fundamentet i den socialfaglige undersøgelse og indsats. :

  23. Familieafdelingen. • FAMILIENS SITUATION OG NETVÆRK • Ressourcer og mangel på samme i familien og omgivelserne er det første vi skal søge viden om når vi får en underretning om et barns forhold. • Ressourcer eller mangel på samme i familien og omgivelserne vil afgøre hvordan den børnefaglige undersøgelse skal tilrettelægges. • Ressourcer og mangel på samme i familien og omgivelserne vil afgøre hvilken indsats vi skal iværksætte.

  24. Familieafdelingen. • FAMILIENS BAGGRUND OG HISTORIE. • Den sociale anamnese, stadigvæk et hit. • Familiens situation her og nu. • Andre børn i familien. Skal der laves undersøgelse på andre børn i familien.

  25. Familieafdelingen. • Familiens SOCIALE INTEGRATION. • Familie og slægtninge, andre vigtige personer i netværket. • Første viden om barnets sociale netværk. • Hvor langt kan vi gå for at få informationer fra netværket? • Brug af ny teknologi, mails til spejderleder, musiklærer og bedsteforældre. Kan vi det ? Gør vi det?

  26. Familieafdelingen. • BESKÆFTIGELSE. • Uddannelsesniveau og beskæftigelse. • Ressourceprofil fra jobcenter er en guldgrube af information. • ØKONOMI. • Dårlig økonomi i familien kan være det væsentligste problem for familien og barnet. • Økonomisk hjælp kan være løsningen på barnets problemer.

  27. Familieafdelingen. • BOLIG. • Vis mig din bolig, og jeg fortæller dig hvem du er. • Hjemmebesøg en obligatorisk del af undersøgelsen og opfølgningen. • Barnets værelse. • Huslejens størrelse og betydning for familiens økonomi. • Særlige forhold i lokalområdet.

  28. Tak for nu!

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