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WORKSHEET QUESTIONS What branch of the autonomic nervous system regulates vasoconstriction of arterioles?

WORKSHEET QUESTIONS What branch of the autonomic nervous system regulates vasoconstriction of arterioles? In times of stress, why do skeletal muscles arterioles vasodilate? The blood vessels to the brain and heart never vasoconstrict - why?

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WORKSHEET QUESTIONS What branch of the autonomic nervous system regulates vasoconstriction of arterioles?

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  1. WORKSHEET QUESTIONS • What branch of the autonomic nervous system regulates vasoconstriction of arterioles? • In times of stress, why do skeletal muscles arterioles vasodilate? • The blood vessels to the brain and heart never vasoconstrict - why? • Kidneys can reabsorb water (into the bloodstream). What effect does this have on blood pressure? • When you cut a vein, blood flows out evenly, but an artery spurts – why? • Why must the aorta have elastic walls? • If the CO is 5000 ml/min, what % of the total blood volume is pumped per minute? • How many ml of blood is pumped from each ventricle in a heart beat? • If the SV is too low, how would an increase in heart rate compensate? • If the AV node is damaged, what would happen? • Why does arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) increase blood pressure?

  2. What do the following values refer to? • 75 pH 7.4 = blood • 55% 80 ml • 5 - 6 million/mm3 6,000 ml/minute • 130 ml • 800 milliseconds 120 days • 45% • 120/80 mm Hg 70% • 5 liters 2 million/second • 100.4 50 ml • 10,000 mm3 60% of EDV • 17,000 ml/minute

  3. Which oxygenated, which deoxy or both? • RA Capillaries 0 • Pulmonary trunk Arterioles 0 • Umbilical arteries Right ventricle • LV 0 Coronary sinus • Aorta 0 Cardiac veins • Right semilunar valve Left coronary artery 0 • Lungs 0 Umbilical vein • Placenta Pulmonary veins 0 • Pulmonary arteries inferior vena cava

  4. Where are these layers found? • Endocardium Tunica interna with valves • Endothelium Tunica media with elastin • Myocardium T. media that can vasodilate • Epicardium Endothelium only • Visceral pericardium Parietal pericardium • Tunica media Mediastinum • Tunica interna Fibrous pericardium with collagen • Pericardial space Lumen

  5. Other molecules in circulatory system What is the role of the following substances? • Iron Hemoglobin • FibrinogenOxygen • Vitamin K Carbon dioxide • Nitrous oxide Vitamin B12 • Calcium ionsHistamine • LDL Antibodies • HeparinStem cells • Albumin • Intrinsic factor Plasma

  6. Where are these structures found, what do they do? • Vasomotor center Vasa vasorum • Muscular pump Foramen ovale • Chemoreceptors CV center • Precapillary sphincter • Papillary muscle SA node • Brachial artery AV node • Thrombus Vein valve • Fenestrated capillaries Chordae tendinae • Coronary sinus Ligamentum arteriosum

  7. 2 ways to: Click for answer • Nitric oxide and low O2 in cells • Epinephrine, exercise • Vasodilation, decrease HR • Execise, increase venous return to RA • Aortic and carotid baroreceptors • More blood vessels, vasocontrict • Through RA and RV • Locally vasodilate (autoregulation) • Increase heart rate • Decrease blood pressure • Increase EDV • Monitor blood pressure • Increase resistance to blood flow • Send blood out of heart

  8. 1. Fill in for the following using these choices:Tunica interna Tunica media Tunica externa • The only layer found in capillaries • A single layer of endothelium • A middle coat, composed of smooth muscle and elastic fibers • Supporting, protective layer • Plays a role in blood pressure regulation • In direct contact with the lumen • Thicker in an artery than in a vein • Can vasoconstrict • Thicker in artery, thinner in vein • Valves in veins • Provides elasticity to elastic arteries

  9. Which blood cell(s)? rbc, platelet, neutrophil, basophil, eosinophil, monocyte, B-cell or T-cell (lymphocytes) • Enucleate clotting • Lives for 120 days releases histamine • Multi-lobed nucleus phagocyte • Makes antibodies hemoglobin • Iron chemotaxis • Parasitic infection 2 million/sec • Macrophagehelper and killer • Erythrocyte leukocyte • Diapedisis

  10. Explain • SA node AV valves close • SL valves close End systolic volume • QRS complex AV valves open • Atrial diastole SL valves open • Ventricular systole LUBB • End diastolic volume DUPP • Stroke volume conductile cells • Pulmonary trunk and aorta contractile cells • Bundle branches and purkinje fibers isovolumnetric contraction • P wave ejection fraction • AV node cardiac output • Ventricular diastole venous return • Atrial systole preload • Ejection

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