1 / 59

المنشطات و أضرارها PERFORMANCE ENHANCING DRUGS

المنشطات و أضرارها PERFORMANCE ENHANCING DRUGS. 1. Athletic or Performance-Related Fitness. Agility Balance or equilibrium Coordination Power Reaction time Speed or velocity. PERFORMANCE ENHANCING DRUGS. Performance-Enhancing Drugs Anabolic Steroids.

afontenot
Download Presentation

المنشطات و أضرارها PERFORMANCE ENHANCING DRUGS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. المنشطات و أضرارها PERFORMANCE ENHANCING DRUGS 1

  2. Athletic or Performance-Related Fitness • Agility • Balance or equilibrium • Coordination • Power • Reaction time • Speed or velocity

  3. PERFORMANCE ENHANCING DRUGS

  4. Performance-Enhancing DrugsAnabolic Steroids

  5. Performance-Enhancing DrugsAnabolic Steroids

  6. Performance-Enhancing DrugsAnabolic Steroids

  7. Table 5-3, p.126

  8. GYNECOMASTIA These pictures are the “BEFORE” (left) and “AFTER” (right) pictures of a man that had surgery to correct his case of gynecomastia. I’m sure he thought “It won’t happen to me.” as well! Think about it before you choose to take P.E.D.!

  9. Performance-Enhancing DrugsAndrostenodione

  10. Performance-Enhancing DrugsAndrostenodione

  11. RISKS OF P.E.D. • Steroid induced acne • Anti-hypertensive behaviors • Hypertension or fatigue • Chronic gonadotrophin • Increased level of female hormones in a man’s body • Testicular atrophy • Induced gynecomastia • Presence of abnormally large breasts in men • Increased use of other drugs to mask symptoms

  12. SYMPTOMS OF P.E.D. USE • Rapid weight gain with larger muscle mass • Aggressiveness • Jaundice/Skin color change • Purple or red spots on body • Swelling of feet and legs • Shaking and/or trembling • Persistent body odors • Severe acne breakouts with abnormally oily skin

  13. DOES THIS LOOK APPEALING TO YOU?

  14. CNS Stimulants COCAINE CRACK METHAMPHETAMINE

  15. 17

  16. Stimulants Description: A group of synthetic or plant-derived drugs that increase alertness and arousal by stimulating the central nervous system. Medical Uses: Short-term treatment of obesity, narcolepsy, and hyperactivity in children No medical use for methamphetamine Method of Use: Intravenous, intranasal, oral, smoking

  17. Types of Stimulant Drugs 1- Cocaine Products • Cocaine Powder (Generally sniffed, injected, smoked on foil) • “Crack” (smoked)

  18. Types of Stimulant Drugs 2- Amphetamine Type Stimulants (ATS) • Amphetamine “Speed” • Dexamphetamine “Ice” • Methylphenidate “Crank” • Methamphetamine “Go Fast”

  19. Methamphetamine vs. Cocaine • Cocaine half-life: 1-2 hours • Methamphetamine half-life: 8-12 hours Cocaine and the amphetamines have very similar effects on mood, patterns of abuse, the type of dependence produced, and their toxic effects. • Cocaine paranoia: 4 -8 hours following drug cessation • Methamphetamine paranoia: 7-14 days • Methamphetamine psychosis - May require medication/hospitalization and may not be reversible • Neurotoxicity: Appears to be more profound with amphetamine-like substances, rapid formation of lesions

  20. Acute Stimulant Effects Psychological • Increased energy • Increased clarity • Increased competence • Feelings of sexuality • Increased sociability • Improved mood • Powerful rush of euphoria - freebase and intravenous only

  21. Acute Stimulant Effects Physical • Increased heart rate • Increased pupil size • Increased body temperature • Increased respiration • Constriction of small blood vessels • Decreased appetite • Decreased need for sleep • Numbness of nasal mucosa - intranasal only

  22. Chronic Stimulant Effects Physical • Weight loss/anorexia • Sleep deprivation • Respiratory system disease • Cardiovascular disease • Headaches • Severe Dental disease • Needle marks and abscesses - intravenous only • Seizure • Agitation and violence

  23. Cocaine Hydrochloride • Crystalline white powder • Snorted in “lines” of 10-35 mg each • Adulterated w cheap local anesthetics, stimulants, and inert white powders • Yields moderate to high blood levels • Gradual onset of effects at 15-20 min with peak at 30-60 min

  24. Cocaine Hydrochloride:Intravenous Administration • Soluble in water • Peak blood levels achieved instantaneously • Rapid onset, brief duration, intense “crash” • Rapid development of compulsive use pattern • “Speedball” when mixed with heroin to cushion the “crash”

  25. Cocaine: Mechanism of CNS Action • Increases the synaptic concentration of dopamine and Norepinephrine by preventing its reuptake • Dopamine agonists/replacements have not proved therapeutically useful in addicts

  26. Their Brains have been Re-Wired by Drug Use Because…

  27. Partial Recovery of Brain Dopamine Transporters in Methamphetamine (METH) Abuser After Protracted Abstinence 3 0 ml/gm METH Abuser (1 month deter) Normal Control METH Abuser (24 months detox) Hint: Ask about free radicals! Source: Volkow, ND et al., Journal of Neuroscience 21, 9414-9418, 2001.

  28. Cocaine: Acute Effects • Euphoric mood • Increased energy, alertness • Increased sexuality • Paranoia • Increased heart rate, blood pressure

  29. Cocaine: Chronic Effects • Lethargy, fatigue • Reduced attention span • Sexual dysfunction • Depression, irritability, anhedonia • Paranoid psychosis

  30. Cocaine: Toxic Reactions • Cardiac arrhythmias, fibrillation • Hyperthermia- > 106º F • Convulsions, loss of consciousness • Respiratory & cardiac arrest • Abruptio placentae (miscarriage) • Fatal reactions rare, but unpredictable

  31. Cocaine “Crash” • Rebound dysphoria • Agitation, restlessness • Intensifies with dosage & chronicity of use • Cravings & drug-seeking behavior • Abuse of alcohol & other drugs • Suicidal ideation, behavior • Often followed by prolonged sleep

  32. Cocaine/Amphetamines DRUG TAKING CRAVING DRUG TAKING The Blues FATIGUE DEPRESSION HYPERPHAGIA CRAVING DRUG TAKING CRAVING sleep CRASH DRUG TAKING “The Runs” 37

  33. SpeedMethamphetamine powder • ranging in color from white, yellow, orange, pink, or brown • Color variations are due to differences in chemicals used to produce it and the expertise of the cooker • Other names: Crystal, Crystal Meth, Crank, Go Fast, Zoom

  34. Ice • High purity methamphetamine crystals or coarse powder ranging from translucent to white, sometimes with a green, blue, or pink tinge color • Depends on additives and filtering

  35. Cardiac Disorders and Methamphetamine • Coronary Syndromes • Arrhythmia • Cardiomyopathy • Hypertension • Valvular Disease

  36. Neurologic Disorders and Methamphetamine Use • Headache • Seizure • Cerebrovascular • Ischemic stroke • Cerebral hemorrhage • Cerebral vasculitis • Cerebral edema

  37. Respiratory Disorders and Methamphetamine Use • Pulmonary edema • Bronchitis • Pulmonary hypertension • COPD

  38. Formication

  39. Formication

  40. METH Use Leads to Severe Tooth Decay! “METH Mouth” Source: The New York Times, June 11, 2005.

  41. MethamphetaminePsychiatric Consequences • Paranoid reactions • Permanent memory loss • Depressive reactions • Hallucinations • Psychotic reactions • Panic disorders • Rapid addiction

  42. Methamphetamine Psychosis Inpatients

  43. THERAPEUTIC DRUGS • Diuretics • Rapid weight loss • Boxing, wrestling, judo • Excretion or dilution of illegal substances • Overall negative impact on performance • Dehydration, hypotension, muscle cramps, electrolyte imbalance

More Related