Understanding Sexual Disorders and Paraphilias in Society

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Paraphilias • Definition - Sexual attraction to unusual objects or unusual sexual activities • Person has acted on these urges, or experienced significant distress because of them • Often multiple paraphilias, heavily male

Fetish • I. Fetish - reliance or preference on an inanimate object • Recurrent and intense urges toward nonliving objects

Tranvestism • II. Tranvestism - preferred method of arousal is cross dressing

Incest • III. Incest is probably not a true sexual disorder • Refers to sexual relations among close relatives • Incest taboo - may have served important social and biological needs • Some incest may be type of pedophilia

Incest • Most common form is brother-sister • Next most common is father-daughter • More pathological • Base rates of sexual abuse much higher than often assumed • Females 19%, Males 8.6% for sexual victimization

Pedophilia • IV. Individuals who prefer or exclusively seek sexual gratification from prepubertal children • For example, at least age 16, victim at least 5 years younger

Voyeurism • V. “Peeping” • Marked preference for sexual stimulation by watching others in a state of undress or having sexual relations • Tend to be young, single, submissive and socially awkward

Exhibitionism • VI. Recurrent marked preference for exposing one’s genitals • Often an attempt to shock or embarrass the observer • Generally immature, uninviting, have poor interpersonal relationships

Sexual Sadism-Masochism • VII. Sexual stimulation obtained from inflicting pain or humiliation, or receiving the same • In both heterosexual and homosexual relationships

Sexual Sadism-Masochism • Generally begins in early adulthood, and some same comfortable with their sexual practices • Often above average income and education

Sexual Sadism • Some sadists do murder and mutiliate • Dietz, Hazelwood and Warren (1990) • Fortunately, this is quite rare

Other Paraphilias • Frotteurism (rubbing) • necrophilia (corpse) • Telephone scatologia (“talking dirty”) • Zoophilia (animals)

Rape • Sexual intercourse with an unwilling partner • Forcible rape • Statutory rape • Some types of sadistic rape • Threats, physical harm, mutiliation, even murder

Rape • Rape may be relatively common, with 25% of females experiencing assaults • Most not reported • Rape victims are often traumatized • PTSD like experiences

Rape • Rapist characteristics • Sadistic element, but non-consenting partner • Psychopathic character structure • Inadequate personality,fragile ego, many life failures

Rape • Acquaintance and date rape • More common than one may expect • Some traumatic impact

Measurement in Sexual Arousal • Males - Penile plethysmograph • Females - Vaginal plethysmograph • See researchers as Lawson, Adams or Barlow

Sexual Dysfunction • Stages of Sexual Arousal and Resolution • Developed by Masters and Johnson • Four Main Stages • 1. Appetitive • 2. Excitement • 3. Organism • 4. Resolution

Sexual Dysfunction • Masters and Johnson research was basic in nature • Emphasized fundamental scientific methods

Sexual Dysfunction • Types of Sexual Disorders • 1. Hypoactive sexual desire • 2. Sexual aversion disorder • 3. Male erectile disorder • 4. Female sexual arousal disorder • 5. Female orgasmic disorder • 6. Male orgasmic disorder • 7. Sexual pain disorder

Treatment • Supportive, specialized assessment • Sometimes controversial • Education and information is important • Sexual deviation may carry characterological components

Understanding Sexual Disorders and Paraphilias in Society