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Culture

Culture. Geography . Affects all cultures and is the primary component that makes cultures different 4 Main Identifiers that Make Up An Area’s Geography 1. Location: Latitude and Longitude 2. Place: Physical and human characteristics Physical: landforms, climate, soil, animal life

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Culture

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  1. Culture

  2. Geography • Affects all cultures and is the primary component that makes cultures different • 4 Main Identifiers that Make Up An Area’s Geography • 1. Location: Latitude and Longitude • 2. Place: Physical and human characteristics • Physical: landforms, climate, soil, animal life • Human: activities (transportation, religion, languages) • 3. Movement: Migration (of people and ideas); Trade (exports and imports, don’t just move goods, but ideas as well and foster, and interdependence between regions) • 4. Region: An area with its own unifying characteristics (i.e. Rocky Mountains) • CAN BE PHYSICAL OR CULTURAL REGIONS!

  3. Elements of Culture • Culture is a learned behavior—raised within our societies, however culture can be unlearned • Symbolic meanings are just as important in culture as actual verbal communication

  4. Social Organization • Created to meet people’s basic needs • Family patterns: • Matriarchal vs. patriarchal • Nuclear family (mom, dad, brother, sister) • Extended family (aunt, uncle, cousins, grandparents) • Monogamy (one spouse) vs. polygamy (many spouses) • Social classes: • Places value on certain jobs and roles in a society

  5. Customs and Traditions • Rules of daily behavior, whether about eating, dress, greetings, taboos, etc. • Turn into values which are more strictly enforced and normally take on a religious context

  6. Languages • #1 identifier of a culture • A complex culture when have a writtenlanguage

  7. Arts and Literature • Not only a defining portion of a culture, but make people feel proud of their culture • Also pass along values and beliefs

  8. Religion • Arts often linked closely to it • Monotheism—1 god • Polytheism—many gods • Often the factor that causes the most conflicts

  9. Government • Formed to provide for common needs (such as keeping order and protecting from outside threats) • Democracies, republics, dictatorships, autocracies, monarchies, oligarchies

  10. Economic Systems • Traditional—people produce most of what they need to survive • Hunting and gathering, farming, herding cattle, etc. • People hunt for the food they eat or raise it themselves, make own clothing and tools • Market—individuals answer basic economic questions by buying and selling goods and services • Command—government controls what goods are produced, how they are produced, and what they cost • Mixed—split between individual and government making decisions

  11. Ethnocentrism: believing your culture is superior to others and regard outsiders with contempt

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