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Explore various types of trends in information security analysis, sources of data, and interpretation of results. Learn the cautionary factors in trend analysis and how to identify, interpret, and deal with trends effectively.
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Outline • Definitions • Analysis framework • Cautionary factors • Sample analysis
Definitions • Trend: • to extend in a general direction: follow a general course or veer in a new direction • to show a tendency for example, to incline or trend upwards or to become deflected or shift • Trend analysis: search for patterns over time in order to identify the ways in which they change and develop, veer in new directions, or shift • Incident - Any event that harms security at one or more sites
Analysis Framework • Types of trends • Sources of data • Interpretation of results
Types of Trends • Internal and External patterns • Temporal trends • Spatial trends • Associational trends • Compound trends
Sources of Data • CERT/CC Data • Year 2000 - 21,756 Incidents reported to CERT/CC • Year 2001 (Q1) - 7, 457 Incidents reported to CERT/CC • Profiled 1654 incidents, all active during July 2000 - Feb 2001 (plus some preliminary June data) • Open Source Data: • Web page defacement mirrors • Lexus/Nexus • Full disclosure sites • Social data
Limits of Trending • Inherently partial data • Baseline in dynamic environment • Correlation vs. Causation • Implications • Need to be cautious in kinds of conclusions • Consider strategies for dealing with trends gone wrong
External Pattern: Tool Development Intruder 1 Intruder 2 Analysts
Defenders Intruders Temporal Trend
Analysis Process Incident Information Flow Identify Profiles and Categories Isolate Variables Identify Data Sources Establish Relevancy Identify Gaps
Conclusions • Typifying trends simplifies interpretation • Clarification of goals • Identification of relative importance of characteristics • Understanding cyber security is growing in importance