Forces & Structures

1. Forces & Structures Types of Structures

2. Shell Structure • Has a solid surface and a hollow interior • Ex. Egg shells, egg cartons, domed roofs, helmets, shoeboxes • Curved structure are stronger than shell structures with surfaces • Strong shells can be made from weak materials (ex. eggshells)

3. Shell Structure

4. Frame Structure • Formed from a combination of parts • None of the components are capable of supporting the load by itself, but when they are fastened together they support and strengthen each other • Ex. Goal posts, skeleton, hydro towers, girders on a bridge • Flexible and are usually better at handling torsion and tension forces • Less material and lighter than solid structures • May require more work to construct

5. Frame Structure

6. Solid Structure • Has only one part and contain no hollow spaces • Ex. Walls, dams, concrete pillars • Strength depends on bulk = they resist forces either because they are too massive to move or because the materials can resist compression • Generally the thicker the structure, the stronger it is • Also known as (AKA) mass structures • Main use of solid structures is as supports

7. Solid Structures