4G Development and Spectrum Issues

1. ITU-T Workshop on Bridging the Standardization Gapand Interactive Training Session (Nadi, Fiji, 4 – 6 July 2011 ) 4G Development and Spectrum Issues Kyu-Jin WEE ,Ph.D. Vice-Chairman, ITU-R WP 5D

2. Contents • What is 4G? • Review of ITU activities on IMT • What is 4G? • IMT Standards in ITU-R • Spectrum Issues • IMT Identifications at WRCs • Main principles of spectrum use for IMT • Interference cases • Channel arrangements in 700 MHz • Spectrum Harmonization among APT

3. What is 4G?

4. Start to Study on IMT(FPLMTS) Review of ITU activities on IMT First Release of IMT specification M.1457 Mobility Mobility ITU-R Report IMT.UPDATE High High Regional Workshop for IMT.UPDATE Enhanced IMT - 2000 IMT - 2000 1985 1992 1999 2000 2003 2007 2011 2012 2015/16 IMT Spectrum (WARC-92) Enhancement IMT Spectrum (WRC-2000) Low Low IMT Spectrum (WRC-2007) 1 1 10 10 100 100 1000 1000 Broadband/IMT Spectrum (WRC-2015/16)

5. Vision for IMT Systems beyond IMT-2000 will encompass the capabilities of previous systems Recommendation ITU-R M.1645 Mobility Mobility IMT-ADVANCED New capabilities of systems beyond High High New Mobile Access Enhanced Enhanced IMT IMT - - 2000 2000 Up to 100 Mbit/s for high mobility up to 1 Gbit/s for low mobility IMT IMT - - 2000 2000 Enhancement Enhancement New Nomadic / Local Low Low Area Wireless Access 1 1 10 10 100 100 1000 1000 Peak useful data rate (Mbit/s) Interconnection Nomadic / Local Area Access Systems Digital Broadcast Systems

6. Capacity Demands 5 000 4 500 Mobile PC & Tablets Mobile talk 10 kbps10-50MB/month 1 4 000 3 500 3 000 Subscriptions (million) 2 500 2 000 1 500 1 000 Smartphone 100-1,000 kbps100-500 MB/month Handheld devices 10 500 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 60 50 Mobile PC >1 Mbps 1-5 GB/month 100 40 Data Yearly Exabytes (1018) 30 20 Voice 10 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Traffic = users x volume per user

7. What is 4G? Cut the wire ! Video phone Digital ! All in the mobile ! + internet 1G 2G 3G 4G • Voice+Data • -WCDMA/HSDPA • Cdma2000 • DMB/MP3/DigiCamara • Voice+Data+Wireless Internet • WiBRO Cdma2000rA,B/HSUPA • Game/Video phone • Voice+Data+Wireless Internet + sensing • -WiMax Evolution, LTE advanced • 3D video/Rich multimedia phone, M2M Voice - Analog Cellular -Car Phone • Voice+SMS • cdmaOne, GSM • DMB/MP3/DigiCamara Voice Oriented (Wired->Wireless Mobility) Technology-oriented System (Voice Quality/Roaming) Service-oriented System High-speed Wireless Internet (Broadband) User-oriented System Ubiquitous Convergence Service (Broadband, Ubiquitous, Sensing, Convergence, Intelligence) * Images captured on the web

8. Evolution of IMT Technologies

9. IMT Standards in ITU-R • Standardization of IMT-Advanced systems • Developing Recommendation ITU-R [IMT.RSPEC] (to be approved in RA-12, 2012) • LTE-Advanced (by the 3GPP) • WirelessMAN-Advanced (802.16m by the IEEE) • Forecast of future IMT services • Developing Report ITU-R IMT.UPDATE (to be approved in 2011) • Review of previous market forecast • New trends in mobile broadband • Broadband plans available including mobile broadband/IMT • Spectrum Harmonization • Revising Recommendation ITU-R M.1036 (to be approved in 2011) • Harmonized channel arrangements

10. Spectrum Issues

11. IMT identifications at WRCs 400 600 800 1000 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500 2700 3400 3600 230M 1885 2025 2110 2200 WARC-92 140M 90M 519M 806 960 1710 1885 2500 2690 WRC-2000 154M 175M 190M 428M/ 392M WRC-07 450 470 698 806 2300 2400 3400 3600 108M 20M 790 862 100M 200M (Regional) 72M (Country base) • No distinction between IMT-2000 & IMT-Advanced in the use of frequencies • IMT identification at WRC-07 • in the band 698-790 MHz in Bangladesh, China, Korea, India, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, Papua New Guinea, and Philippines (RR No. 5.313A) • in the band 3400-3500 MHz in Bangladesh, China, Korea, India, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, Pakistan, Iran and French overseas communities in R3 (RR Nos. 5.432A and 5.432B)

12. IMT bands in some countries 2700 (MHz) 1000 2000 800 900 2200 2500 1500 1700 2025 2110 1885 WARC-92 90MHz 140MHz 2690 960 1710 806 WRC-2000 154MHz 175MHz 190MHz 2170 1750 1780 2110 849 1920 824 1980 Korea 894 1850 1880 869 2110 2170 1980 1710 1785 1920 880 915 EU 1880 1805 925 960 1990 1920 849 824 US AWS AWS 1850 869 894 1910 1920 2110 2170 1980 810 1429 1453 828 915 958 860 885 Japan BWA 1919 843 898 846 1501 1893 901 1477 1920 2110 2170 1980 1710 1720 824 849 935 960 China 1815 1805 869 915 CELLULAR PCS IMT-2000

13. Main Principles of spectrum use for IMT • to minimize the impact on other systems and services within, and adjacent to, the bands identified for IMT • to facilitate worldwide roaming of IMT terminals • to optimize the efficiency of spectrum utilization within IMT bands • minimized guardbands for IMT systems to avoid wasting spectrum • sufficient frequency separation between transmitter and receiver frequencies must exist in a frequency division duplex system • to minimize terminal costs, size and power consumption, etc. • harmonized frequency arrangements to reduce the overall cost of IMT networks and terminals by providing economies of scale

14. Interference case (1) Administration 1 Neighboring Administration 2 same IMT systems in the same frequency band Opposite directions of Tx and Rx in the same frequency band may cause interference at cross-border area

15. Interference case (2) 11 MHz of guard band Operator A @ 900 MHz (LTE service) Operator B @ 850 MHz (LTE service) ↓ 884-894 ↑ 905-915 ↑ 839-849 ↓ 950-960 • Special out-of-band emission limits are regulated for mobile terminal of Operator A and BS of Operator B • Interference example in Korea • Introduction of new system in the adjacent band • Sufficient guard band is required to mitigate interference

16. 3MHz 5MHz 10MHz MS BS TDD DTV PPDR 45MHz Channel Arrangements in 700 MHz (1) • By APT Wireless Group (AWG) Center gap 806 694 698 45MHz 806 Option 2 (TDD) 4-6MHz BS and MS 2-4MHz DTV PPDR 806 694 698 100MHz Option 1 (FDD Conventional)

17. Channel Arrangements in 700 MHz (2) 790 11 MHz of Center gap 1 MHz of Guardband 30 MHz Downlink 30 MHz Uplink 791 (MHz) 821 832 862 758 775 788 • By European Union 805 18 MHz Uplink Media Flo Unpaired 18 MHz Downlink 11 MHz Downlink D block & Public Safety 11 MHz Uplink D block & Public Safety • By the US 698 (MHz) 716 722 728 746 757 776 787 806

18. Spectrum Harmonization among APT • Plan of action from “Bali Statement” by Asia Pacific Ministerial Meeting on Strengthening Regional Collaboration towards a Broadband Economy in the Asia pacific • Policy objective C: Facilitate effective convergence of services • Collaborate regionally possible to harmonize the RF bands allocated for broadband ICT application and services • Most of spectrum plans led by EU countries and the Americas • APT countries adopted them and not harmonized among APT • AWG developed Channel arrangement in 700 MHz band • First case of harmonized spectrum plan for Asia-Pacific countries • Encouraged to keep collaborating for spectrum harmonization taking into account Bali statement

19. Thank You! kjwee@kcc.go.kr