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IPv6 Address Space Management Report: Simulation & Policy Analysis

This report delves into IPv6 address structure, allocation sizes, management techniques, and simulation exercises for potential registry scenarios. Key topics include address aggregation, allocation units, algorithm comparisons, and fragmented allocations. The analysis uses IPv4 data to model IPv6 demand and explores various management algorithms and block sizes.

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IPv6 Address Space Management Report: Simulation & Policy Analysis

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  1. IPv6 Address Space Management Report of IPv6 Registry Simulation Policy SIG 1 Sept 2004 APNIC18, Nadi, Fiji Geoff Huston

  2. IPv6 Address structure 64 bits 64 bits Interface Identifier Global Routing Prefix 3 bits 45 bits 16 bits Customer Site Subnet Format Prefix Aggregate Provider Prefix 29 bits 16 bits Routing Entry Prefix Minimum LIR Allocation 20 bits 9 bits RIR Allocation Unit

  3. IPv6 Address structure /32 /48 /64 3 bits 29 bits 16 bits 16 bits 64 bits Format Prefix Global Routing Prefix ISP Allocation Customer Subnet Interface Identifier

  4. IANA to RIR Allocation size parameters • Ensuring address aggregation outcomes within the parameters of: • Profile of IPv6 LIR / ISP requests • Chosen Host Density metric • Allocation address block lifetime • Reverse space management • Adopted RIR address pool management technique

  5. IANA to RIR Allocation size 20 bits 3 bits 9 bits RIR Allocation Block /23 /23 Allocation: Each allocation supports up to 512 /32 allocations 9 bits 3 bits 20 bits /12 RIR Allocation Block /12 Allocation: Each allocation supports up to 1M /32 allocations 5 bits 3 bits 23 bits RIR Allocation Block /8 /8 Allocation: Each allocation supports up to 17M /32 allocations

  6. IPv6 Registry simulation exercise • Use recent RIR IPv4 allocation data to create a demand model of an IPv6 address registry • Assume a sequence of IPv6 transactions based on a demand model derived from the sequence of recorded IPv4 allocations • Convert IPv4 to IPv6 allocations by assuming an equivalence of an IPv4 end-user-assignment of a /32 with an IPv6 end-user-assignment of a /48 • IPv4 uses a constant host density of 80% while IPv6 uses a HD-Ratio of 0.8 • Use a minimum IPv6 ISP allocation unit of a /32 • Assume new LIR applications at 20% • Assume IPv4 allocation timeframe mean of 12 months

  7. IPv4 / IPv6 Allocation equivalence table

  8. Allocation size simulation results

  9. Simulation with NATs factored in

  10. Management algorithm simulation • Three algorithms have been compared • Sequential • Comparable to current IPv4 system, where each new allocation window is drawn from the remaining free pool in sequence • Sparse • Each new allocation subdivides the largest allocation window in half • Rate-Sparse • Each new allocation subdivides a window in half, where the selected window is the slowest growing allocation

  11. Management Algorithm Simulation Number of Fragmented Allocations Block Occupancy level

  12. IANA to RIR Address block size • /20 block is smaller than the allocation window of some individual allocations • /16 block has an anticipated lifetime of 36 months of RIR allocations using current allocation framework • /16 would have a lifetime of < 12 months assuming an IPv4 NAT ratio of 2:1 • /12 block has an anticipated lifetime of 36 months with minimal fragmentation under rate-managed sparse allocation, with NATless deployments

  13. Thank you! • Questions

  14. HD Ratio Variation 0.99 0.98 0.97 0.80 1 29 30 31 32

  15. HD Ratio Variation 0.99 0.98 0.97 0.80 1 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32

  16. Higher HD-Ratio

  17. Reduced Subnet ID Length

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