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Understanding Information Systems and Input/Output Devices

Explore the basics of information systems, input devices like keyboards and scanners, and output devices such as printers and displays. Learn about operating systems and utility programs in this comprehensive guide.

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Understanding Information Systems and Input/Output Devices

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  1. CHAPTER 2 Input & Output Prepared by: Mrs .sarasalih

  2. What Is an Information System? System: Collection of elements and procedures that interact to accomplish a goal. Football game, transit systems, etc. Information system: A collection of elements that interact to generate the information neededin an organization

  3. Input Devices 1- Keyboard 2- Pointing Devices 3- Mouse 4- Electronic pen 5-Touch screen 6-Scanners 7-Digital cameras

  4. Keyboards Keyboard: An input device containing keys, arranged in a typewriter configuration, used to input letters, numbers, and other symbols * Can be wired or wireless Contains: - Standard alphanumeric keys - Numeric keypad - Function keys - Directional keys and special keys

  5. Keyboards

  6. Keyboards * Keyboards are increasingly including alternate input tools: - Touch pads - Some also include built-in display screens

  7. Pointing Devices # Pointing device: An input device that moves an onscreen pointer (arrow or insertion point) to allow the user to select objects on the screen. Common types of pointing devices: - Mouse - Electronic pen - Touch screen

  8. The Mouse Mouse: A pointing device the user slides along a flat surface to move a pointer around the screen and clicks its buttons to make selections

  9. The Electronic Pen # Electronic pen: Device used to select objects, as well as to draw or write electronically on the screen Also called tablet pen, digital pen.

  10. Touch Screens # Touch screen: Display device that is touched with the finger to issue commands or otherwise generate input to the connected PC Used with: Desktop and portable PCs Mobile phones

  11. Touch Screens

  12. Scanners # Scanner (optical scanner): Input device that reads printed text and graphics and transfers them to a computer in digital form

  13. Digital Cameras # Digital cameras: Record images on digital storage medium rather than film - Can either be still cameras or video cameras - Typically use flash memory for storage Types: - Digital still cameras - Digital video cameras

  14. Digital Cameras

  15. Audio Input Audio input: The process of entering audio data into the computer - Voice - Music (from CDs) Voice input systems (speech recognition systems) - Enable a computer to recognize the human voice

  16. Voice Input Systems

  17. Output Devices • Display devices ( screen). • Flat-Panel Display Technologies. • Data and Multimedia Projectors. • Printers. • Audio output ( headphones , speakers,)

  18. Output Devices (cont ..) *Display device: Presents output visually - Monitor: Display device for a desktop PC - Display screen: Screen built into a variety of devices - handheld PCs, - Mobile phones and mobile devices - E-paper

  19. Display Devices

  20. Flat-Panel Display Technologies # Liquid crystal displays (LCDs): Use charged liquid crystals between sheets of glass or plastic # LED (Light emitting diode): Used in displays as well as a variety of consumer products # Organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays: Use emissive organic material to display brighter and sharper images

  21. Flat-Panel Display Technologies

  22. Data and Multimedia Projectors Data projector: Display device that projects all computer output to a wall or projection screen - Most data projectors today can project video, in addition to computer output - Can be wireless or integrated into devices

  23. Printers Printers: Produce hard copy Printer Characteristics: - Color vs. black and white - Personal vs. network printers - Print resolution - Print speed - Multifunction capabilities

  24. Printers

  25. Types of printers - Laser Printers - Ink-Jet Printers - Special-Purpose Printers

  26. Audio Output Audio output: Output in the form of voice or music - Speakers - Headphones and headsets - Earphones

  27. The Operating System Operating system: A collection of programs that manage and coordinate the activities taking place within a computer system Examples: Most PCs today run Windows, Mac OS, or Linux , Windows Vista ,Windows 7

  28. Functions of an Operating System * Interfacing with users (typically via a GUI) * Booting the computer * Managing resources and jobs * File management * Security

  29. Differences Among Operating Systems * Command line vs. graphical user interface (GUI) - Most operating systems use GUI today

  30. Differences Among Operating Systems • Personal vs. server operating system • Personal operating system: designed to be installed on a single PC • Server operating system: designed to be installed on a network server • Client PCs still use a personal operating system • Server operating system controls access to network resources Many operating systems come in both versions

  31. Utility Programs * Utility program: Type of software that performs a specific task, usually related to managing or maintaining the computer system

  32. Summary Definitions of System & Information systems. Types of Input devices Types of Output devices Operating Systems Utility Programs

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