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This overview explores the structural and operational differences between the U.S. House of Representatives and the Senate. It highlights constitutional distinctions, legislative functions, leadership roles, and the significance of committees. The House is characterized by centralized, hierarchical power and a more formal leadership structure, while the Senate promotes decentralized power and personalization in representation. Key current leaders, such as Speaker John Boehner and Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, showcase the current political landscape.
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Congress: Organization & Operation • Comparing the House and Senate • Constitutional differences • Operational differences • Organizing Congress • Leadership • Committees • Who represents you? • The Legislative Function
Comparing Institutions Senate House Power is centralized and hierarchical Seniority more influential Stronger formal leadership Less personal More specializes Tax Policy Emphasis Power is decentralized Power distribution is more equal More personal Fewer rule restrictions Policy Generalists Foreign Policy Emphasis
Current House Leadership John Boehner (R-OH) Speaker of the House Eric Cantor (R-VA) Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) Majority LeaderDemocratic (Minority) Leader
Current Senate Leadership Vice President Biden Patrick Leahy (D-VT) President of the Senate President Pro Tempore Harry Reid (D-NV) Mitch McConnell (R-KY) Majority Leader Minority Leader Richard Durbin (D-IL) John Cornyn (R-TX) Majority Whip Minority Whip
Kill Bill: Legislative Success in Congress www.govtrack.us