html5-img
1 / 36

GEM - Broadening the Germplasm Base

GEM - Broadening the Germplasm Base. G ermplasm E nhancement of M aize. M.H. Blanco 1 , C.A.C. Gardner 1 , W. Salhuana 2 , and N. Shen 1 1 USDA-ARS and 2 Retired Pioneer Fellow and GEM TSG Chair. GEM: Broadening the Germplasm Base. Mission and History of GEM Structure of GEM

abram
Download Presentation

GEM - Broadening the Germplasm Base

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. GEM - Broadening the Germplasm Base Germplasm Enhancement of Maize M.H. Blanco1, C.A.C. Gardner1, W. Salhuana2, and N. Shen1 1 USDA-ARS and 2 Retired Pioneer Fellow and GEM TSG Chair

  2. GEM: Broadening the Germplasm Base • Mission and History of GEM • Structure of GEM • Objectives • Target Traits • Breeding Protocol • Germplasm Releases • GEM SCA & USDA Projects • Summary & Future Challenges

  3. GEM Mission Statement The objective of the GEM Project is to develop and provide to the public adapted germplasm lines via germplasm enhancement of useful exotic germplasm. The adapted materials are incorporated into research and breeding programs that will increase the diversity of U.S. corn germplasm, improve its performance, and provide new and better products to the American consumer.

  4. Argentina Bolivia Brazil Columbia Chile Guatemala Mexico Paraguay Peru United States Uruguay Venezuela Countries Belonging to the Latin American Maize Project (LAMP) * * LAMP began in 1987, funded by Pioneer Hi-Bred Int., Inc., and administrated by the USDA-ARS.

  5. STRUCTURE OF GEM • Cooperators • Private • Public • International • Technical Steering Group (TSG) • Private members • Public members • Ex officio members • GEM Coordinator • GEM Locations • Ames, IA • Raleigh, NC (50% tropicals)

  6. GEM Objectives • Manage an extensive multi-site cooperative breeding (and trial network) and information sharing with public and private cooperators. • Develop genetically enhanced populations and lines (early generation S2 and S3 focus) from GEM breeding crosses. • Evaluate genotypes in the breeding program for yield, agronomic traits, silage, biotic and abiotic stress (including mycotoxins), and value-added traits. • Conduct research relevant to high priority maize germplasm traits and performance.

  7. AgReliant Genetics, LLC BASF Plant Science Breeding, L.L.C Beck's Superior Hybrids, Inc.* Benson Seed Research, LLC FFR Cooperative Hoegemeyer Enterprises Identity Seed & Grain Co. Illinois Foundation Seeds, Inc. Monsanto Company* Mycogen Seeds* National Starch and Chemical Co. Pannar Genetics, Inc .* Pioneer Hi-Bred Int., Inc.* Professional Seed Research, Inc. R.B.S. Corn Research, Inc. Schillinger Seeds SEEDirect Syngenta Seeds, Inc.* Wyffels Hybrids Private GEM US Cooperators There are 19 private companies working as GEM cooperators * Entities with representatives currently serving on the GEM Technical Steering Group (TSG).

  8. Cornell University Iowa State University Louisiana State University Michael Fields Agricultural Institute1 North Carolina State University North Dakota State University Ohio State University Texas A&M University* The University of Tennessee Truman State University University of Delaware* University of Illinois University of Nebraska University of Wisconsin USDA-ARS (Ames, IA) USDA-ARS (Columbia, MO) USDA-ARS (Mississippi State, MS) USDA-ARS (Raleigh, NC) Public US Cooperators There are 18 public institutes working as GEM cooperators 1 Non-Government Organization (NGO) * Entities with representatives currently serving on the TSG.

  9. AgriSource Co., Ltd., Thailand Agrotuniche, Chile EMBRAPA1, Brazil Hyland Seeds, Canada INTA2, Argentina Maharlika Genetics, Mexico Nidera, Argentina Prosemillas, Peru Sursem S.A., Argentina The University of Guelph, Canada International Cooperators There are 10 international institutes and/or companies working as GEM cooperators 1 Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa, Agropecuaria (EMBRAPA); Brazil 2 Instituto Nacioanal de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA) Argentina

  10. In-Kind Support Company: _________________________ Season/Year: winter ________________ Signature company___________________ date_______ Signature GEM Coordinator______________ date_______

  11. Appendix Statement It is understood that any seed or data generated as defined in this appendix is considered in-kind support and shall be returned to the GEM Coordinator. Such seed and/or data shall be shared with other GEM Cooperators, who shall have the right to freely use such seed and/or data.

  12. Agronomic adaptability- yield, lodging, grain moisture, and Y/M Abiotic stress tolerance: drought, heat, and interacting biotic stresses Ear mold and mycotoxin resistance (aflatoxin and fumonisin) Disease resistance (emphasis on stalk rots, and leaf blights that impact stalk rots) Insect resistance (emphasis on corn root worm and corn ear worm impacting quality and mycotoxins) Value-added traits (VAT’s) Grain (protein>13%, oil>6%, and starch>75%) Silage yield & quality GEM Trait Targets

  13. GEM Survey Results: GEM Survey, 2004. http://www.public.iastate.edu/~usda-gem/Presentations/GEM_Reports_04.ppt

  14. GEM Survey Results: GEM Survey, 2004. http://www.public.iastate.edu/~usda-gem/Presentations/GEM_Reports_04.ppt

  15. Winter 1 Accession x Private line 1 Summer 1 (Accession x Private line 1) x Private line 2 Self 300 plants (S0) Winter 2 Plant S1 ears to make S2. Select at 20% selection intensity Summer 2 Make S2 topcross to elite tester inbred Winter 3 Summer 3 Yield test 50 S2 topcrosses at 6 locations Make S3 increase Winter 4 Determine quality analyses, disease & insect resistance in GEM lab or by cooperators Summer 4 Cross the S3’s to two testers Summer 5 Yield trial topcross from above Winter 6 Write release article for publication & all relevant data to NCRPIS GEM Breeding Protocol Flowchart

  16. Phenotypic Selection Selection for prolificacy, resistance,& adaptability

  17. Phenotypic Selection Selection against buggy whipping, and other undesirable traits

  18. High in Allelic Diversity!

  19. Expt. 02122 (6 Locations) with Tester LH200xLH198

  20. GEM Germplasm Releases (117 Lines Total)

  21. Released GEM Lines to the Public to Date

  22. Quality Traits of 9 GEM Lines Released to GEM Cooperators in 2005

  23. North Carolina GEM Releases-2005 Major Goodman, NCSU, NC, 2005

  24. GEM Field DaySept. 22, 2005, Ames, IA

  25. GEM SCA and USDA-ARS Research Projects – 2005

  26. WW (bu/a) LI (bu/a) % Entry ET HF LB LB HF Mean CKs(AR01150:N0406)F8A1 x B110 267 224 175 92 144 181 110(AR01150:N0406)F8A2 x B110 260 252 193 88 142 187 114 (AR03056:N0902)F8-1 x B110 256 198 171 109 101 167 102 (FS8A(T):N1801)F7-2 x B110 259 229 208 73 159 186 113 (FS8B(T):N11a)F7-2 x B110 188 231 176 102 142 168 102 P34K77 226 173 155 120 130 161 98 Garst 8348 258 159 182 110 115 165 100 P3223 258 207 174 117 117 175 107 Garst8285 216 195 151 114 101 155 95 Evaluation under Stress W. Xu, Texas A&M, TX, 2003

  27. Percent Aspergillus Ear Rot and Aflatoxin Level of GEM Lines M. Clements, USDA-ARS, Mississippi State, MS, 2004.

  28. Corn Rootworm Bill Dolezal, Pioneer Hi-Bred Int, IA, 2005

  29. GEM Breeding Crosses with Resistance to the Corn Rootworm in 2003 1 Families showing significantly lower root damage rating than the resistant check, NGSDCRW1(S2)C4-15-2S2(S1). M. Bohn (U of IL) and B. Hibbard (USDA-ARS, Columbia, MO), 2003.

  30. Silage Yield & Quality of W605S Grown in Wisconsin in 2004 W605S = AR17026:N1019-65008-2-3-2-1-1 X LH244 CP = Crude protein NDF = Neutral detergent fiber IVD = in vitro digestibility NDFD = Neutral detergent fiber digestibility Jim Coors, U of Wis., 2004.

  31. Protein Quality Index (Met + Lys + Trp) – 3 Year Means • DKXL212:N11a-139 • is not significantly different • from the high checks (B45 o2, B101). • The top three GEM entries • are significantly higher than • all “normal” checks (B73, Mo17). Paul Scott, USDA-ARS, Ames, 2005

  32. Summary/Benefits of GEM • Germplasm contribution of LAMP and private companies • Cooperative wide scale evaluation and development efforts • Unique germplasm and traits being identified • Technology transfer-germplasm and information • GEM serves a large number of stakeholders from different sectors and countries

  33. Future Challenges and Direction • Identify and utilize useful allelic diversity by tapping into more races • How should GEM’s resources be allocated-sampling new races vs. focusing on existing races • What breeding methodology research will be needed to effectively utilize allelic diversity?

  34. Future Challenges and Direction – Cont’d • Explore and implement new genomic and genetic technologies through effective partnering • Address targeted questions or hypotheses related to gene function, mol breeding, etc. • GEM’s role: provide germplasm for well constructed studies • How does GEM best serve stakeholders to maximize benefits, and broaden the germplasm base?

  35. Acknowledgements • USDA-ARS, Ames, IA Sue Duvick, Quality traits lab manager Andy Smelser, Agriculture research technician • USDA-ARS, Raleigh, NC Joe Hudyncia, Southeastern GEM coordinator • North Carolina State University Major Goodman, William Neal Reynolds and Distinguished University Professor • GEM cooperators • GEM Technical Steering Group (TSG)

  36. GEM ProjectUSDA-ARS Germplasm Enhancement of Maize Thank you!

More Related