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Understanding the Digestive System: Functions and Organs Explained

Explore the gastrointestinal tract's functions - digestion, absorption, protection, and excretion - along with primary and secondary organs like the stomach, liver, and pancreas. Learn the importance of each organ and their roles in transforming and processing food for nutrient absorption. Discover the complex processes involved in breaking down food and absorbing essential nutrients to support overall health.

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Understanding the Digestive System: Functions and Organs Explained

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  1. GASTRIOINTESTINALTRACT • FUNCTIONS • DIGESTION: transformation of food, absorbable nutrients and compounds • mechanical and chemical • ABSORPTION: Selective transfer of substances across the intestinal cells • PROTECTION: Exclusion of harmful substances • EXCRETION: Removal of nondigestable food

  2. PRIMARY ORGANS • Mouth • Esophagus • Stomach • Small Intestine • Large Intestine

  3. SECONDARY(ACCESSORY) ORGANS • Salivary Glands: digestive enzymes • Liver: Make bile and Filters blood • Pancreas: Digestive enzymes, Alkaline, and Insulin • Gall Bladder: Bile Storage and Alkaline

  4. PRIMARY ORGANS • Mouth: • Digestion: • Starch enzyme Maltose

  5. PRIMARY ORGANS • PHARYNX: canal to esophagus and trachea • ESOPHAGUS: “parastalsis” wavelike motion that moves the food down the esophagus

  6. PRIMARY ORGANS • STOMACH: • Holds about 4 cups • 2.2 PH • Cardiac sphinctor: top of the stomach • Pyloric sphinctor: bottom of the stomach • Protein enzymes Amino Acids HCL CHYME

  7. Nutrients time in stomach • Carbohydrates: 1-2 hours • Protein: 3-5 hours • Fats: 5-7 hours

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