html5-img
1 / 37

South America

South America. Earliest art 8800 b.c.e. Time frame of focus: 1500 b.c.e. - 1550 b.c. West South America Dry Coast, mountains, rain forest Little Rain Shamanistic, Kingship Chavin, Parascas, Nasca, Moche, Tiwanaku, Wari,, Lambayeque, Chimu, Chancay & Inca Pottery, Gold, Textiles

aaron
Download Presentation

South America

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. South America • Earliest art 8800 b.c.e. • Time frame of focus: 1500 b.c.e. - 1550 b.c. • West South America • Dry Coast, mountains, rain forest • Little Rain • Shamanistic, Kingship • Chavin, Parascas, Nasca, Moche, Tiwanaku, Wari,, Lambayeque, Chimu, Chancay & Inca • Pottery, Gold, Textiles • Condors, pumas, Llamas, jaguar, caiman, monkey, macaw, etc.

  2. Worldview • Commonalities • Huaca: “active interrelations” • Camay: “create, manifest, infuse with energy” • Ayni: “two make whole” (reciprocity, male/female) • Tinku: “two to make a third” • Pachakuti: embrace “change and flux” • Ukhu: “interior” that is concealed but important • Qumpi: preciousness, creativity, lavishness • Cyclicality • Sacred places, transference of energy

  3. Chapter 2: Early and Chavin: Lithic Period, 10,000-3,000 b.c.e. • Valdivia • 4000 b.c.e. • Women • Fertility • Ritually killed • Mummification • 5000 b.c. • Chinchorro, Chile • Dry • Textiles • Sedge plants

  4. Cotton Pre-Ceramic Period 3000-1800 b.c.e. • 3000 b.c.e. • Melting icecaps / floods • Textiles • Finger woven • Loom? • Huaca Preita • Weaving site • Twining • Warp (v)/ weft (h) • Raptor • Coiled snake • Hybridity • Ayni: 2 make whole

  5. Great Pyramid at Caral, 2800 b.c.e. • Earliest pyramid • 60’ • 30 structures • 160 acres • Plaster • White, yellow, red • Platforms • Enlargements • Shicras; rock fill

  6. Caral Ampitheater

  7. Temple of Crossed Hands, Kotosh, Huanuco (Peru), 2000-1800 b.c.e., • 2450 b.c.e. • 2 Adobe mounds • Buried • Protection • Duality

  8. Rock painting of Pregnant Vicunas, Cuchimachay, Peru • Pre-Ceramic period • 3000-1800 b.c.e. • S. Peru • Rock Shelters • Hunting camps • Camelids • Fertility • lifestyle • Fewer Humans

  9. Rock paintings, Cuchimachay, Peru

  10. Rock paintings, Cuchimachay, Peru

  11. Feline Head, Huaca de los Reyes, Caballo Muerto, Pre-Ceramic, 1300 b.c.e., • Initial Period • 1800-800 b.c.e. • Sedentary • Looms • Fired clay statues • Pink, blue white • U-shaped structures • Facing mountain (apus) • Water • Feline Head • 5’7” • painted

  12. Lanzon Cult Image, Chavin, 900 – 200 b.c.e. • Shamanistic practices • Spiders, insects, toads

  13. Chavin de Huantar, Callejon de Conchucos,1100-500 b.c.e. • Valley • U-shaped • East facing • Stone carvings • Tenon heads • White/black granite

  14. Chavin de Huantar, Callejon de Conchucos,1100-500 b.c.e. Sunken Circular Court Figures

  15. Lanzon Cult Image, Chavin, 900 – 200 b.c.e. • “Great Lance” • Blade • Farming • Oracle • Monolith • 15’ • Center of Old Temple • 4 directions • World tree • Chakana  • Chavin Supreme Deity • Rain Forest • Natural fertility • Entheogens (spirit within / Ukhu) • Twisted Pattern • Universe Intertwined/Interdependent • Offerings • Corn beer, water, gold, shell

  16. Tenon Heads, Temple of Chavin de Huantar, 900 – 200 b.c.e. • Tenon - pegged (100) • Individualized • Shamanistic transformation

  17. Black and White Portal Reliefs, Chavin, 900 – 200 b.c.e., • New Temple • B/W stone portal • Duality / Ahni

  18. Black and White Portal Reliefs, Chavin, 900 – 200 b.c.e., • Anthropomorphic • Beaks, fangs, tails, wings • Male • Hawk • Female • Vagina Dentata • Eagle

  19. Raimondi Stela, Chavin, 900 – 200 b.c.e., • Staff bearing deity • Duality within single figure • 7’ • Granite • Upright/ inverted image

  20. Chavin Textiles • Cloth 3000 b.c.e. • Karwa burial site • Stone carvings at the site of Chavin de Huantar. • Staff God: • Clawed hands and feet, • Serpent hair, belt • Cotton • Brown and pink die • Female figures • Eyes as breats • Fanged vaginas • Intertwined staffs

  21. Santa Ana Stirrup-spout vessel Chavin, 900-200 b.c.e. Cupisnique Thick / lip at top • Incising, burnishing • Jaguars, humans plants fruit • Thin walls • Stirrup = Tinku • Santa Ana • Red and black • Fanged hads • Pendent iris

  22. Chapter 3: Paracas and NascaOculate Being, Paracas, 750 b.c.e. and 100 c.e. • Early Horizon and Early Intermediate Period • Peak 200-500 c.e. • Paracas and Nasca South Coast • Paracas - “Sand Falling like Rain” • Village Culture • Burial - bundles of textiles • Ceramics • Oculate: Holes for eyes • Fertility cult • Stuck out tongue • Snakes • 2nd mask • Repetition, variety, polychrome • Yellow, green, terracotta, white black • “Smudge blackware” • Painted resin • Post-fired painting

  23. Mummy Bundle, Paracas • Burial • Dry temperatures • Fetal position • Layers of textiles • 5,000 - 29,000 production hours • Nose rings, spondylus shell necklace, embroidered garments • Royalty - 7’ of cloth & offerings • Commoner - cotton cloth, pottery

  24. Embroidered Mantle, Paracas • Linear Style • 200 b.c.e. • Cotton / wool • Series of outlines • Red green, gold, blue • Negative space part of image • Columnar • Abstract felines, birds, snakes, faces • Center - oculate being • Access spirit realm • Master of the Animals

  25. Embroidered Mantle, Paracas • Cotton/wool • Post-linear style • Series of outlines filled in with color • Up to 19 colors • Recognizable beings • Transformation

  26. Flying Shaman Mantle, Paracas • 40 types • Block color style • Sacred mushroom • Trance state pinwheel • Polychrome • Dynamic movement

  27. Paracas Embroidery Styles

  28. Nasca • Post-Paracas • Chiefdom • No genetic distinction • Similar subject matter and ceramics • Different technology • Slip (not post-fired) • Painting on cloth • Ceramic style • Early naturalism • Later Abstract • Maroon gray and blue-grey • Goldwork • Chavin, Paracas tradition • Gold/copper • Thin sheets

  29. Nasca CeramicsDouble Spout and Bridge Vessel • Achira - cactus plant • Zig-zags • Contrasting color • Hand-built • Slip • Wheel to shape

  30. Double Spout and Bridge Vessel with Battle Scene, Nasca

  31. Nasca Pottery

  32. Flying Shaman Vessel, Nasca • Middle Nasca • Increased design • Abstraction • Flying beings • Feline/Human • Shamanistic • Visions

  33. Nasca Geoglyphs • Subtractive drawings • Dark over light stones • 130 sq. mi. • Features: • Point towards Sun Rainy Season • Direction of Streams • Connect rivers • Process • Obseration • Fires • Purpose • Calendar • Map • Clan • Fertility • Ceremony

More Related