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an introduction to

Why do we need to know APA?. To avoid plagiarism To provide a clear, uniform style for referencesTo organize your paper so it is less confusing for the reader. Before you Begin. Make sure your margins are set at 1 inchUse 12 pt. Times New Roman fontEverything in your paper should be double spaced. (This includes block quotations, the title page and the reference list.).

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an introduction to

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    1. An Introduction to APA Style

    3. Before you Begin Make sure your margins are set at 1 inch Use 12 pt. Times New Roman font Everything in your paper should be double spaced. (This includes block quotations, the title page and the reference list.)

    4. Title Page Information Needed: Running Head Header Title Name Institutional Affiliation

    6. Sample Abstract

    7. Headings APA Style uses a unique heading system to separate and classify paper sections. There are 5 heading levels in APA. Regardless of the number of levels, always use the headings in order, beginning with level 1.

    8. APA Headings Level 1   Centered, Boldface, Uppercase and Lowercase Headings   Level 2 Left-aligned, Boldface, Uppercase and Lowercase Heading   Level 3  Indented, boldface, lowercase heading with period.   Level 4  Indented, boldface, italicized, lowercase heading with   period.   Level 5  Indented, italicized, lowercase heading with period.

    9. Headings

    10. In Text/Parenthetical Documentation Information Required: - Author(s) name - Date of Publication - Page number (for direct quotations)

    11. Sample in-text citations According to Arthur (2001), the evidence was circumstantial. According to Hastings (2004), “The sources presented provided modified results” (p. 421). The information compiled is irrelevant to the successful completion of the experiment (Wyndmore, 1989).

    12. Things to remember… Quotes of 40 or more words appear in a block quotation format, indented with no quotation marks. To show that the citation is not part of the quote, in a block quotation the period goes before the parentheses. Block quotations are double spaced

    13. Sample Block Quotation done on the wrists, arms, legs, or stomach, are hard enough to break the skin and possibly deep enough to cause bleeding and scarring; however, they are not intended to cause permanent pain or suicide (Cool Nurse). According to Hayes (2005), Self-inflicted injury is a coping mechanism, albeit not a particularly healthy one, used by those who want to live and are struggling to control their emotions. This self-injurious act is indicative of a failure by an individual to develop positive coping skills in the face of overwhelming stress. (p.1172)

    14. Multiple Authors For 1-2 authors, cite both names every time. For 3-5 authors, cite all authors the first time; use just the first name with “et al.” in subsequent citations More than 5: cite only the first author with “et al.” every time.

    15. References for Multiple Authors Up to seven authors, list every author For sources with eight or more authors, use the first six names followed by an ellpsis mark (…) and the last author’s name. Ex. Dolan, R., Smith, R. C., Fox, N. K., Purcell, L., Fleming, J., Alderfer, B., …Roman, D. E. (2008). Management of diabetes: The adolescent challenge. The Diabetes Educator, 34, 118-135.

    16. The Reference Page List your sources alphabetically Use a hanging indent if your reference is more than one line of text The word “References” should be centered at the top of the page Within a reference, list the authors in the same order they are listed in the article (do not alphabetize). Take notice of special rules for capitalization and italics that are unique to APA

    17. Citing a Book…

    18. Print Journals Last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Date). Article title. Journal Title, volume number (issue number), page numbers. Berkerian, D. A. (1993). In search of the typical eyewitness. American Psychologist, 48(3), 574-576.

    19. Citing a Database Article

    20. A Database article with DOI Brownlie, D. Toward effective poster presentations: An annotated bibliography. European Journal of Marketing, 41(11/12), 1245-1283. doi:10.1108/03090560710821161

    21. Citing a Website

    22. Basic Internet Citation Exploring linguistics. (1999, August 9). Retrieved from http://logos.uoregon.edu/explore/orthogra phy/chinese.html#tsang

    23. Sample Reference Page

    24. More Information… The ARC is available for further assistance in APA format. Writing Tutors can help with more specific citation or style questions. Call or email anytime, 267-448-1370 or arc@gmc.edu

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