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u201cThis PPT covers all essential aspects of Standard Precautions including hand hygiene, PPE use, infection control practices. Useful for nursing students, interns, and hospital staff.u201d
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HOSPITAL INFECTION CONTROL MS. TERESA INFECTION CONTROL NURSE
DEFINITION Standard precautions in infection control are guidelines designed to prevent the spread of infections and protect both healthcare workers and patients.Standard precaution are a set of infection control practices used to prevent transmission of disease that can be acquired by contact with blood , blood fluids , non – intact skin (including rashes and mucous membranes .
ELEMENTS OF STANDARD PRECATION • Hand Hygiene • Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • Respiratory Hygiene/Cough Etiquette: • Safe Injection Practices • Cleaning and Disinfection • Patient placement & patient Care Equipment • Environmental Controls • Education and Training
Hand Hygiene Hand washing: Hand Sanitizers: Alcohol-Based Products:Use an alcohol-based hand rub (containing at least 60% alcohol) if hands are not visibly soiled. It is effective for most common pathogens. Application: Apply for 20 seconds , enough product to cover all surfaces of the hands and rub until dry. • When to Wash:Hands should be washed with soap and water before and after patient contact, after removing gloves, after touching contaminated surfaces or equipment, and before eating or touching the face. • Technique: Wash hands for at least 40-60 seconds, ensuring all surfaces are covered.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • Proper use of PPE is crucial for protecting healthcare workers from exposure to infectious agents. • This includes – • wearing gloves , Gowns , Masks , gown , shoe cover and eye protection when performing tasks that may involve contact with blood, bodily fluids, secretions, or contaminated surfaces
Respiratory Hygiene/Cough Etiquette • Covering Coughs and Sneezes: • Technique: Encourage patients to cover their mouth and nose with a tissue or their elbow when coughing or sneezing. Dispose of tissues immediately and perform hand hygiene. • Mask Use: • Patient Masks: Instruct patients with respiratory symptoms to wear a mask to prevent the spread of droplets.
Safe Injection Practices • Needle and Syringe Use: • Single Use: Use single-use needles and syringes for each patient. Never reuse or recap needles after use. • Sharps Disposal: Dispose of used needles and other sharps in puncture-resistant sharps containers. • Its also prevent needle stick injury .
Cleaning & Disinfection • Surfaces and Equipment: • Routine Cleaning: Regularly clean and disinfect surfaces and equipment that are frequently touched or may come into contact with body fluids. • Disinfectants: Use appropriate disinfectants that are effective against a wide range of pathogens. • Handling Contaminated Items: • Laundry: Handle soiled linens with minimal agitation to avoid dispersing contaminants. Use appropriate laundering procedures.
Patient Placement & Patient Care Equipment • Placement :- • Patients with known or suspected infectious diseases should be placed in appropriate isolation precautions to prevent the spread of infection to other patients and healthcare workers. • This may include placing patients in single rooms with the same infectious disease. • Equipment Handling and Disinfection: • Reusable Equipment: Ensure that patient care equipment is properly cleaned and disinfected before reuse on another patient. • Single-Use Items: Use single-use items where possible and discard them after use.
Environmental Controls • Maintaining a Safe Environment: • Ventilation: Ensure that healthcare environments are well-ventilated. • Waste Disposal: Properly dispose of medical and hazardous waste according to local regulations.
Education and Training • Healthcare Workers: • Training: Regularly train healthcare workers on standard precautions, including hand hygiene, proper use of PPE, and safe injection practices.
