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TheRiseandFall…AndRiseAgainof DataCenterCooling As data centershave evolved,so toohasthe cooling technologyusedtokeep themrunningefficiently.Inthis blog post,we’lltakea look atsomeofthemost popular technologies usedindata centercooling todayandhow they came tobe! WhatIsaDatacenter?WhyDoesItNeedCooling? Adatacenteris aplacewhereITequipment and operationsarecentrallystored by acompanyinordertostore,process,and distributetheirdata. Oftendata centerinfrastructurestoressensitiveinformationandregularlyneededmaterials, so keepingthesecentersinoptimum shape isacriticaleffortandpeakpriority.
Theequipment in these centersgeneratesconsiderableheat intheiroperation. Inordertoproperlymaintaintheir functioning,these datacentersmustpullthe heatoutofthe facilityanditshardware tokeepthetemperatures inside from overheating andcausing disruptionintheirservices. TheLaunchofDatacenterCooling Inthe 1940s, liquid immersioncooling wasusedto coolhigh-voltage transformers. Then in1960, IBM becamethe first knowndeveloper of anew idea –a direct liquid coolingsystemforcomputers.At their start,datacenterswere onceessentiallyjustrooms dedicated to housingvery early computer servers. Fromthere,thecomputersthemselvesadvanced relativelyquicklythroughout thenext few decades,buttheir storage andits maintenanceneedslagged behinddevelopmentally;thesenewer,smallercomputers(generallyspeaking) could do wellenoughwiththe advent ofmultiple transistorsand metaloxide semiconductors that reducedheatemissions. Simple fans addeddirectly tothe computer’s internaldesigncouldreasonably handle theheatnow. Gaminginthe ’90siscreditedwithchangingallthat. Especiallysinceconsumersnow couldcustom-build their personalcomputers, thosenew,higherperformancesystemsrevived theconceptofliquid cooling.As computeruseforbusinessesalso skyrocketed,thecooling method made itsway back intoindustrialuseaswell. Itwastowardstheend of the 2000s, and the inventionofnewcoolingtechniques like chilleddoorsandOTTOtwo-phaseliquid immersioncooling,thatdatacenter cooling becamea criticalneedonce againto manage the omnipresent widespreaduseof computing.
DataCenterCoolingToday • These days, infinitely complex tech and greater awareness of its environmental impact has ledtotheexplosionindata centercooling developments.Nowadays, therearethree basictypesof coolingfor data center storage:air-, liquid-, and hybrid-based. • Air-BasedCooling Systems • Thesesystemsfurtherbreak downinto3 types: • ColdAisle/HotAisle • This method relies onpositioningthehotsidesofthecomputer servers away from the cold sides, which essentially creates a convection system separatingthetwotypesofairawayfromeachother.It’sadmittedlynot themost efficient setupforhow muchadditionalcold airendsupneeded to keep thecenter temperaturebalanced. • AirContainment • Building upon the cold aisle/hot aisle concept, the servers are individually contained to prevent the two air types from mixing at all. While an improvement, themethod stillleads to hotspots withinthe data center. • In-RackHeat Extraction • Hot air is removed by introducing a compression cooler directly into the racksthat store the servers. • Liquid-BasedCoolingSystems • Thereare3typesofliquid coolantscommonlyinvolved inthis typeofcooling system:
Water • Withwater-cooledracks,aka rear-door chillers,waterstreams besidethe racks but doesnot ever touch the serversthemselves.While generally effective, there is an inherent risk to this method that the water may leak ontothe sensitive equipment,potentiallyruiningthehardware…,notto mentionthefact that thechillingisdonewithcompressors anduses quite someenergy tocool. • SyntheticLiquid or MineralLiquid • Both types of liquid are used in the liquid immersion cooling method, where wholeserversarecompletely coveredineither the syntheticorthe mineral liquid. These liquids arespecially craftedtohandleallheatemissionswhile notaffectingthehardwarenegatively.Environmentaltemperaturesare thusabletoreducethewarmerwaterofthesecondarycoolantloop.This isoneofthemostenergy-efficientformsofcoolingcurrentlyinpractice. • Hybrid-BasedCoolingSystems • This method is a closed-loop system designedto capture theheat emissions inthe data center’senergyrecovery wateror ERW.Ittruly takes thebest ofthe liquid-andair-based options andvery wellmaybethenext major directionfor the entire data center cooling process. • Datacenter coolingisconstantlyevolving tokeepup withthe latest demandsof technology,andTMGCoreis attheforefrontof thesechanges.Wecanhelpyou manageyourdatacentercoolingtomakesureyoursystemstaysupand running.Contactustodayto learnmore aboutour services andhowwecan help keep youenergybillslowand your data centercool!