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Panchayati raj in India

It consists of the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) through which the self-government of villages is realized. They are tasked with "economic development, strengthening social justice and implementation of Central and State Government Schemes including those 29 subjects listed in the Eleventh Schedule.

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Panchayati raj in India

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  1. Panchayati Raj System in India

  2. Panchayats have been one of the basic features of Indian society. As we know even Mahatma Gandhi advocated for panchayats and village republics. Since independence, we had multiple provisions of Panchayats in India from time to time finally reaching epitome with the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992. The Act Aims to Provide a Three Tier System of Panchayati Raj, Which Consists of:

  3. 1. Village Level Panchayats In the structure of the Panchayati Raj, the Village Panchayat is the lowest unit. There is a Panchayat for each village or a group of villages in case the population of these villages happens to be too small. The Panchayat chiefly consists of representatives elected by the people of the village. Only the persons who are registered as voters and do not hold any office of profit under the government are eligible for election to the Panchayat. The persons convicted by the court for criminal offences are disqualified from election of the Panchayat. There is also provision for co-option of two women and one member of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, if they do not get adequate representation in the normal course. The Panchayat as a body is accountable to the general body of the village known as Gram Sabha which meets at least twice a year. The Gram Panchayat must present its budget, accounts of the previous year and annual administrative report before the Gram Sabha. Furthermore, it has to secure the latter’s approval of the village production plan, proposals for taxation and development programmes before they are enforced by the Panchayat.

  4. 2. Panchayat Samiti Panchayat samiti is a rural local government (panchayat) body at the intermediate tehsil (taluka/mandal) level in India. It works for the villages of the tehsil that together are called a development block. It has been said to be the "panchayat of panchayats".\ The 73rd Amendment defines the levels of panchayati raj institution as: District (or apex) level Intermediate level Base level The panchayat samiti is the link between the gram panchayat (village council) and the zila parishad (district board).[3] The name varies across states: mandal parishad in Andhra Pradesh, taluka panchayat in Gujarat, and mandal panchayat in Karnataka.

  5. 3. Zilla Parishad The Zila Panchayat or District Council or Mandal Parishad or District Panchayat is the third tier of the Panchayati Raj system. Zila Parishad is an elected body. Block Pramukh of Block Panchayat are also represented in Zila Parishad. The members of the State Legislature and the members of the Parliament of India are members of the Zila Parishad. The Zilla parishad is the top most tier of the panchayat raj system and acts as the link between the state government and the gram panchayat. Zila parishad are Panchayats at Apex or District Level in Panchayat Raj Institutions The 73rd Amendment is about Governments' (which are also known as Panchayati Raj Institutions [1] • Panchayat at District (or apex) Level • Panchayat at Intermediate Level • Panchayat at Base Level

  6. Empowerment of Panchayats The Central Government provides funds to the State Governments under the Backward Regions Grant Fund (BRGF) to redress regional imbalances in development in 250 backward districts in the country with a strategy that aims to promote the performance and capacity of Panchayats in planning, decision making, implementation and monitoring. In addition to the BRGF, the following schemes for empowerment of Panchayats are being implemented: (1) Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Yojana: Funds are released to States for training and capacity building of Panchayati Raj Institutions in districts uncovered by the BRGF. (2) Rural Business Hubs: This Scheme aims to assist the Panchayats to empower rural labour productivity by providing forward backward linkages with technical assistance in Public-Private-Partnership. (3) Panchayat Mahila Evam Yuva Shakti Abhiyan: It aims to enable women and youth Panchayat leaders to come together to articulate their problems as women Panchayat Leaders.

  7. (4) e-Panchayat: For computerizing the databases, accounts and other functions of the Gram Panchayats for accountability and transparency. (5) Panchayat Empowerment & Accountability Incentive Scheme: To recognize and incentivize the efforts of Panchayats with respect to transparency, accountability and efficiency and of States with respect to devolution of funds, functions and functionaries to Panchayats. Read Full Article here -Panchayati Raj System in India

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