The History of the Automobile

1. The History of theAutomobile What is the history of the automobile? Its development, standardization, and impact on transportation and culture is discussed in this article. The history of the automobile can be traced back to the early 1860s. The invention of the internal combustion engine is credited to Belgian mechanic Etienne Lenoir. Ultimately, the automobile would become a popular mode of transportation, but it didn't start that way. Read on to learn about the evolution of the automobile. Development of external combustion engines The Development of External Combustion Engines (ACE) has a number of advantages over internal combustion engines. ACEs use air rather than fuel as the primary energy carrier, and their combustion products are lower in temperature than those produced by internal combustion engines. Furthermore, ACEs do not require additional heat-conducting devices to neutralize exhaust gases. Despite this, ACEs still produce more heat than internal combustion engines and are not suited for vehicles that require very high gas mileage. Theoretical studies have revealed that internal and external combustion engines use fundamentally different thermodynamic processes. Often, ACEs are analyzed as the air standard Otto cycle (a fixed volume external combustion engine), which is an oversimplification. However, these processes are irreversible and must be understood in the context of internal and external combustion engines. ACEs have a number of irreversible processes, such as friction. Standardization of products In recent years, standardization has become an important criterion for auto manufacturers, and not just because it makes a product cheaper to produce. In addition to lowering production costs, standardization also

2. improves predictability for buyers. As the auto industry continues to globalize, more automakers are looking to adopt production standards to improve their production processes, cut costs, and minimize time to market. This will help them compete with global automakers. In addition to improving quality, standardization improves manufacturing efficiency and helps the environment. Whether it's manufacturing equipment, process or software, standardization helps companies reduce costs and improve customer satisfaction. It also makes manufacturing and maintenance easier to manage. By implementing these standards, manufacturers can also take advantage of platform engineering. These efforts will enable them to expand their capabilities throughout the supply chain. For example, when a supplier is able to implement ISO 9001:2015, they will benefit from lower production costs, and reduced scrap and rework. Impact on American culture One of the long-term effects of the automobile on American culture is its affordability. Prior to the invention of the automobile, the average family did not have the money to own a car. People bought their groceries from the corner store near their homes. They did not go outside of town very often. But once the automobile became affordable, people began to live in the suburbs. During this time, people started to see the positive impact that automobiles have had on the American way of life. Impact on transportation In most developed nations, the automobile dominates the transportation system. It accounts for about two-thirds of total land area, and its dependence on the automobile has negative consequences for both land use and accessibility. In addition, increasing automobile dependence slashes the number of viable transportation options, while contributing to social inequity. The impact of automobile dependency is particularly damaging for consumers, who often have few alternatives to driving. In

3. addition to social inequity, automobile dependence creates environmental and economic costs. The automobile is a major contributor to pollution, congestion, and other negative effects of transportation. Automobile use tends to increase with personal incomes and industrialization. While this dependency benefits motorists, it actually increases external costs. As a result, non-drivers bear more of the costs of road capacity and parking facilities than drivers. They are also subject to greater traffic congestion, crashes, and pollution caused by motor vehicle traffic. In addition, people who use other modes of transportation tend to travel less than automobile-dependent individuals.