Tiếng Anh lớp 11 - Unit 11 Sources of Energy

1. Unit 11. sources of energy Grade 11

2. Unit 11. sources of energy Part a. reading

3. vocabulary energy (n) /'enədʒi/ =power/'pauə/ (n): năng lượng + energetic (adj) /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ mạnhmẽ, mãnhliệt reserve/ri'zə:v/sựdựtrữ exhausted (adj) /ig'zɔ:stid/ cạnkiệt nuclear (adj) /'nju:kliə/ thuộcvềhạtnhân release(v) /ri'li:s/ thảira, phóngra plentiful (adj) /'plentifəl/ nhiều infinite (adj) /'infinət/ = unlimited(adj): vôtận >< finite: cóhạn = limited potential (n / adj) /pə'ten∫l/ tiềmnăng, cótiềmnăng alternative (adj) /ɔ:l'tə:nətiv/ thaythế resource(n) /ri'sɔ:s/ nguồntàinguyên replace(v) /rɪ'pleɪs/ thaythế renewable(a) /ri'nju:əbl/ cóthểtáitạo >< nonrenewable fossil fuels /'fɔsl] [fjuəl/nhiênliệuhóathạch geothermal heat /,dʒi:ou'θə:məl hi:t/ sưởiấmđịanhiệt available (adj) /əˈveɪləbl/ cósẵn

4. available (adj)/əˈveɪləbl/ cósẵn reserve/ri'zə:v/sựdựtrữ plentiful(adj) /'plentifəl/ nhiều ecology (n) /ɪ'kɒlədʒi/ sinhtháihọc + ecologist (n) /i'kɔləʤist/ nhàsinhtháihọc replace(v) /rɪ'pleɪs/ thaythế to make use of:sửdụng to make full use of:tậndụng - To be out of energy:hếtnănglượng, hếtsứclực

5. What source of energy does each picture above refer to? 2 1 wind energy solar energy What do we need energy for? windmill solar panels 3 4 nuclear power water power We need energy to cook, to light to heat or cool the house and to run machines..., to live better. nuclear reactors hydroelectric dam /,haidroui'lektrik/

6. Match the words and phrases with their meanings Key: 1-c 2-d 3-g 4-f 5-b 6-e 7-a

7.  TASK 1: Fill each blank with a suitable word. 1.Six hundred balloons were_______ at the ceremony. 2.They are looking for ___________methods of making it 3.People use __________to run machines, heat and cool their homes. 4. The food in the restaurant is cheap, but the choice is rather_______ 5. Fuel supplies are nearly___________ released alternative energy limited exhausted

8. At present, most of our energy comes from fossil fuels (oil, coal, and natural gas). However, such reserves are limited. Because power demand is increasing very rapidly, fossil fuels will be exhausted within a relatively short time. Therefore, people must develop and use alternative sources of energy. One alternative source is nuclear energy. Nuclear energy can provide enough electricity for the world’s needs for hundreds of years, but it can be very dangerous. Another alternative source of energy is geothermal heat, which comes from deep inside the earth. Scientists use this heat to make energy. However, this energy is available only in a few places in the world. The sun, water, and the wind are other alternative sources of energy. The wind turns windmills and moves sailboats. It is a clean source of energy, and there is lots of it. Unfortunately, if the wind does not blow, there is no wind energy. When water moves from a high place to a lower place, it makes energy. This energy is used to create electricity. Water power gives energy without pollution. However, people have to build dams to use this energy. And as dams cost a lot of money, water energy is expensive. The sun releases large amounts of energy every day. This energy can be changed into electricity. Many countries use solar energy for their daily life. Solar panels on the roofs of houses can create enough energy to heat or cool an entire house. Solar energy is not only plentiful and infinite but also clean and safe. Although there are some disadvantages, the potential of alternative sources of energy is great. However, how to make full use of these sources of energy is a question for researchers all over the world.

9. While reading

10. Task 2/ page 126 Scan the passage and write down the advantage(s) and disadvantage(s) of each alternative source of energy.

11. Nuclear power Unlimited Very dangerous.

12. Plentiful , infinite, clean and safe. Produced only in daytime Solar energy

13. Clean and safe Water power Must build dams , so expensive

14. Clean and unlimited Wind power Not available when there is no wind

15. Clean and safe Geothermal heat Available only in a few places.

16. TASK 2:Scan the passage and write down the advantage(s) and disadvantage(s) of each alternative source of energy. It can be very dangerous. It’sunlimited. Nuclear power It’s not only plentiful and infinite but also clean and safe. It’s only possible during the day time. Solar energy Water power It’s clean and unlimited. It’s expensive. It’s clean and unlimited. Wind power There’s no wind energy whenthere is no wind. It’s available. It’s available only in a few places. Geothermal heat

17. Task 3.Answer the questions. 1. What is our major source of energy ? Our major source of energy comes from fossil fuels. 2. How many sources of energy are mentioned in the text, and which one do you think has the most potential? Five sources of energy are mentioned in the text. They are nuclear power, solar energy, water power, wind power, geothermal heat. I think solar energy is the most potential.

18. Answer the following questions

19. At present, most of our energy comes from fossil fuels (oil, coal, and natural gas). However, such reserves are limited . Because power demand is increasing very rapidly, fossil fuels will be exhausted within a relatively short time. Therefore, people must develop and use alternative sources of energy. Is our major source of energy limited ? Why / why not ? How many sources of energy are mentioned in the text ? What are they ? What is our major source of energy ?

20. Nuclear power Wind power Geothermal heat Solar energy Water power

21. POST READING

22. Complete the summary of the reading passage by filling each blank with a suitable word from the box. one environment alternative limited unlimited sources energy fuels We need energy to live and work. Our major source of (1)_______ is oil. Oil is (2)_____ kind of fossil fuel. The amount of fossil (3)______ in the world is (4)_______ Therefore, we must save it, and at the same time, we must find new sources of energy. Geothermal heat and nuclear power are (5)_________sources of energy. They can give us electricity. Other alternative (6)________are the sun, waves and water. These sources are not only (7)____________and available but also clean and safe for the (8)____________ People should develop and use them more and more in the future. energy one fuels limited alternative sources unlimited environment

23. Unit 11. sources of energy Part b. speaking

24. Reactor (n) /riˈæktər/Lòphảnứng • Radiation (n)  /ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn/ Sựbứcxạ • - Hydroelectricity (n) /ˌhaɪdrəʊɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ Thủyđiện • - Enormous (adj) /ɪˈnɔːməs/Khổnglồ • - Chart (n) /tʃɑːrt/ biểuđồ • Bar chart (n)/ˈbɑːrtʃɑːrt/biểuđồcột • - Consumption (n) /kənˈsʌmpʃn/mứctiêudùng • - Total (adj) /ˈtəʊtl/ tổng • Figure (n) /ˈfɪɡə(r)/ hình/con số • atmosphere /'ætməsfiə/ (n): bầukhíquyển • - Make up : chiếm • Followed by: theosaubởi

25. Unit 11. sources of energy Part E. language focus

26. PRONUNCIATION • GRAMMAR UNIT 11: SOURCES OF ENERGY E. LANGUAGE FOCUS

27. I. PRONUNCIATION: Listen and repeat

28. Practice reading aloud these sentences • They were all shrieking with laughter. • He shrugged (his shoulders), saying he didn’t know and didn’t care. • My dad hates shrimp paste. • What a splendidspring day! • The stream splits into three smaller streams at this point. • The house has a narrow front, but it splays out at the back.

29. II. GRAMMAR 1. RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY PRESENT PARTICIPLES (V-ing) Mệnh đề quan hệ được thay thế bằng hiện tại phân từ The man is my brother. He spoke to John. speaking The man who spoke to John is my brother. Relative clause in active voice The man speaking to John is my brother.

30. E.g.1 Present continuous (thì hiện tại tiếp diễn) The man who is speaking to John is my brother. The man speaking to John is my brother. E.g.2The fence which surrounds our house is made of wood. The fence surrounding our house is made of wood. Formula 1: We can replace a relative clause in active voice with a present participial (V-ing) phrase. N + who + V (active) which that N + who + V-ing which that

31. II. GRAMMAR 2. RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY PAST PARTICIPLES (V-ed/ V3) Mệnh đề quan hệ được thay thế bằng quá khứ phân từ The Sport Games were the first Asian Games. They were held in India in 1951.  The Sport Games which were held in India in 1951 were the first Asian Games. Relative clause in passive voice The Sport Games held in India in 1951 were the first Asian Games.

32. Formula 2: We can replace a relative clause in passive voice with a past participial (V-ed/V 3) phrase. N + who + V (passive) which that N + who + V-ed/V 3 which that

33. II. GRAMMAR 3. RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY TO INFINITIVES (to-inf) Mệnh đề quan hệ được thay thế bằng động từ nguyên mẫu có "to" E.g.1 Active voice (dạng chủ động) Yuri Gagarin was the first man who flew into space.  Yuri Gagarin was the first man to fly into space. E.g.2 Passive voice (dạng bị động) This is the last cake that is sold today. first to V last  This is the last cake to be sold today. to be V-p2

34. Active voice Passive voice Note 3: We can replace a relative clause following the first, the second, the last, the only, superlatives (so sánh hơn nhất: biggest, tallest, happiest)…… with an infinitive phrase (to-inf). The first + (N) + who + V second which last that superlatives The first + (N) + who + to V second which last that superlatives

35. Relative clause replaced by participles and to-infinitive (Mệnh đề quan hệ được thay thế bằng hình thức phân từ và động từ nguyên mẫu có "to") 1. Relative clause replaced by participles: • Present participles (Hiện tại phân từ): được dùng khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở dạng chủ động. N + Who/which/that + Verb (active) => N + V-ing • Past participles (Quá khứ phân từ): được dùng khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở dạng bị động. N + Who/which/that + to be + V(ed/p2) (passive)=> N + V(p2) 2. Relative clause replaced by to infinitive phrase. "to infinitive" được sử dụng ngay sau: the first, the second,... the last, the only và hình thức so sánh nhất. The first/second/.../ superlatives + N + WH + V/to be V(ed/p2) => The first/second/.../ superlatives +N + to V/ to be V(ed/p2)

36. Exercise 1. Rewrite the following sentences, using a present participial phrase.  The boy who is playing the piano is Ben. The boy playing the piano is Ben. 2. Do you know the man who is coming towards us? Do you know the man coming towards us? 3. The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet. The people waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet. 4. The scientists who researches the causes of cancer are making progress. The scientists researching the causes of cancer are making progress. 5. The fence which surrounds our house is made of wood. The fence surrounding our house is made of wood. 6. We have an apartment which overlooks the park. We have an apartment overlooking the park.

37. Exercise 2.Rewrite the following; sentences, using a past participial phrase.  The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting. The ideas presented in that book are interesting. 2. I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country. I come from a city located in the southern part of the country 3. They live in a house that was built in 1890. They live in a house built in 1890. 4. The photographs which were published in the newspaper were extraordinary. The photographs published in the newspaper were extraordinary. 5. The experiment which was conducted at the University of Chicago was successful. The experiment conducted at the University of Chicago was successful. 6. They work in a hospital which was sponsored by the government. They work in a hospital sponsored by the government.

38. Exercise 3.Rewrite the following sentences, using an infinitive phrase.  John was the last man who reached the top of the mountain. John was the last man to reach the top of the mountain. 2. The last person who leaves the room must turn oil the light. The last person to leave the room must turn off the light. 3. The first person that we must see is Mr. Smith. The first person for us to see is Mr. Smith. 4. This is the second person who was killed in that way. This is the second person to be killed in that way. 5. The first person who catches the ball will be the winner. The first person to catch the ball will be the winner.

39. Lucky number game

40. Congratulation! You are lucky.

41. John was the last man who reached the top of the mountain. John was the last man to reach the top of the mountain. John was the last man reaching the top of the mountain. John was the last man reached the top of the mountain. John was the last man to be reached the top of the mountain.

42. The last person who leaves the room must turn off the light. The last person left the room must turn off the light. The last person to leaving the room must turn off the light. The last person to leave the room must turn off the light. The last person leaving the room must turn off the light.

43. The first person that we must see is Mr. Smith. • The first person to be seen is Mr. Smith. • The first person to see is Mr. Smith. • The first person seeing is Mr. Smith. • The first person saw is Mr. Smith.

44. This is the second person who was killed in that way. This is the second person to kill in that way. This is the second person killing in that way. This is the second person to killing in that way. That is the second person to be killed in that way.

45. The first person who catches the ball will be the winner. The first person catching the ball will be the winner. The first person to catching the ball will be the winner. The first person catched the ball will be the winner. The first person to catch the ball will be the winner.

47. learn the formulae by heart. • practisepronounciacing the sounds /∫r/; /spl/; /spr/. • prepare the next lesson.