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Ratio and proportion

It helps to students to understand the ratio and proportion

Rajbir1
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Ratio and proportion

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  1. Ratio and proportion

  2. Ratio A ratio is the comparison of two or more numbers (quantities). A ratio has no units. A ratio shows how much bigger one thing is than another.

  3. Three ways to Write a ratio The ratio of a, b can be written as: • a to b • a : b • a /b

  4. Reduced ratio Ratio can be reduced without changing their relationship. All ratios must be written in lowest form. Steps : 1.Read the word problem. 2. Set up the ratio 3.Reduce the ratio if necessary.

  5. Proportion A equation in which two ratio is are equal is called Proportion. A proportion can be written using colon notation like this. a:b::c:d or as more recognizable equivalence of two fractions a/b=c/d

  6. Proportion When ratios are written as : a:b::c:d or a/b=c/d In this proportion a and d are the extremes or outer vales of the proportion and b and c are the means Or the middle values of the proportion.

  7. Properties of proportion To solve problems which require the use of a proportion we can use one of two properties. • The reciprocal property of proportion : If two ratios are equal, then their reciprocals are equal. • The cross product property of proportion: The product of the extremes equals the product of means.

  8. Examples 1.Find x in the proportion, 5/3 = 35/x. Ans. Given proportion is, 5/3= x/35 Use reciprocal property, 3/5=x/35 Multiply on the both sides by 35, (3×35 ) /5=(x×35) /35 => x=(3×35) /5 = 21 2. Find x in the proportion, 2/x = 6/9 Ans. Given proportion is, 2/x = 6/9 Use cross product proporty, 2×9 = 6×x Divide by 6 on both sides, (2×9)/6=(6×x)/6 => x = (2×9) /6 =3

  9. THANK YOU

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