1 / 16

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA) – Structure & Functions of the Kidney

This PowerPoint presentation offers a comprehensive overview of kidney anatomy and physiology, with focused coverage of the Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA) u2014 an essential structure for renal regulation.<br>Official website: www.turningbrain.in<br>ud83dudcde Contact: 91-8368648746

Pia14
Download Presentation

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA) – Structure & Functions of the Kidney

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. StructureandFunctionsofKidney JG(Juxtaglomerularapparatus) ByDr.PreetiTyagi(MBBS,MD), ProfessorofPhysiology VMMC&Sufdarjung HospitalNewDelhi

  2. FUNCTIONALANATOMY • Kidneysareprimaryorgansoftheurinarysystemthatalsoincludesureters,urinarybladder,and urethra. • GrossAnatomy:Kidneysarebean-shapedpairedretroperitonealorganspresentinthe • posteriorpartoftheabdomenjustabovethewaistbetweenthelastthoracicandthirdlumbar • vertebrae. • Sizeofeachkidneyinadultisroughlyaboutthesizeofone’sfist(11cminlengthand6cmin • width),andtheweightisabout150g. • Kidneysarecoveredbyathickcapsulecalledrenalcapsule. • Themedialborderofkidneyisconcavedandthecenteroftheconcavityiscalledrenalhilus, • fromwhichtheuretercomesoutoftheorgan

  3. NEPHRON • Itisthebasicstructuralandfunctionalunitofthe kidney. • Thenephronsarehollowtubesthroughwhichthe bloodisfilteredandmodifiedtofinallyformUrine. • Anephronconsistsofrenalcorpuscle,proximal convolutedtubule(PCT),loopofHenle,distal convolutedtubule(DCT),andcollectingductsystem • Eachsegmentofthenephronconsistsofa singlelayerofepithelialcellsplacedonthe basementmembranethat aremodifiedto performspecifictransportfunctionssuitablefor that • segment.

  4. PhysiologyVideoLectures FullPhysiologyCourseinVideoLecturesis availableonTurning Brain App byTheBestPhysiologyFacultyinindia,Dr.Preeti Tyagi DOWNLOADNOWAND UNLOCKYOUR PHYSIOLOGY COURSE Android:https://play.google.com/store/apps/detailsid=tbrain.in.medical.eduapp&hl=en_IN IOS:https://apps.apple.com/in/app/turning-brain-dr-preeti-tyagi/id6502828714 ForMoreInfo. +91-8368648746www.turningbrain.inhttps://youtube.com/@dr.preetityagilectures874?si=YfbJEi66jOE0hjzu

  5. RENALCORPUSCLE • RenalcorpuscleconsistsofBowman’scapsulethatcontainsglomerulusandmesangium • Thisexecutesthefirststepinurineformation. • Bowman’sCapsule • Bowman’scapsuleistheinitialcup-likedilatedportionofthenephronthataccommodates glomerulus. • Thecapsulehastwolayers:Viscerallayerthatremainsinclosecontactwithglomerulusand theparietallayerthatformstheouterportionofthecapsule. • ThepodocytesformtheviscerallayerofBowman’scapsule.

  6. 3.TheparietallayeroftheBowman’scapsuleisformedbyparietalepithelialcells.Thespace3.TheparietallayeroftheBowman’scapsuleisformedbyparietalepithelialcells.Thespace betweenvisceralandparietallayersiscalledBowman’sspace.

  7. GLOMERULUS Glomerulus,atuftofcapillarieslocatedintheinitialdilatedandcup-likeportionofthetubule calledBowman’scapsule • • • Glomerulusisformedbythecapillariesthatarisefromafferentarterioles. Theglomerularcapillariesdrainintotheefferentarteriole Theglomerularcapillariesaretheonlycapillariesinthebodythatstartwitharteriolesandendin artrioles. Thecapillariesarecoveredbyepithelialcellscalledpodocytes. •

  8. M esangium Thisisanimportantcomponentofrenalcorpuscle. Itconsistsofmesangialcellsandmesangialmatrix. MesangialCells Mesangialcellsarederivedfrombloodmonocytes andarethecomponentsofmononuclearphagocyte system.Mesangialcellsarepresentinthe mesangium,closetotheglomerularcapillaries

  9. JUXTAGLOMERULARAPPARATUS • ThethickascendinglimbofloopofHenlewhencomesincontactwiththeglomerulusofthe samerenalcorpuscle,structuralmodificationsoccurinthetubuleandafferentarteriole. • Theentiremodifiedstructure(tubularandvascularcomponents,andcellsbetweenthem)is calledjuxtaglomerularapparatus(JGA). • MaculadensaofthethickascendinglimbofLOH • Juxtaglomerularcells(modifiedmusclecellsmainlyofafferentarterioles) • Laciscells(extraglomerularmesangialcells).

  10. MACULADENSA • Maculadensaactsasthesensorthatmonitorsthechangeinioniccomposition andrateofflowofthetubularfluidinthelumenofthetubule. • Itprovidesappropriatefeedbacksignaltorenalcorpuscletochangetherateof filtrationsoastomeettheneedofthekidneyfunctions. • Therefore,thisisanimportantcomponentinthetubuloglomerularfeedback circuit

  11. JUXTAGLOMERULARCELLS • Juxtaglomerularcellsarethegranularepithelioidcellspresentmainlyinthetunicamediaofthe afferentarteriole(fewarealsopresentinefferentarteriole)thatcomeincontactwiththeterminal partofthickascendinglimbofLOH. • appearance. • Infact,thesegranularcellsaremodifiedvascularsmoothmusclecellswithanepithelioid • Thecellsarehighlygranularastheycontainmanysecretorygranules. • TheyarealsocalledPolkissencells. • JuxtaglomerularcellssecretereninthatactivatesRAS. • LACISCELLS • Laciscellsarepresentinthetriangularspaceformedbyefferent-andafferentarteriolesandthe maculadensa. • Laciscellsarethemesangialcellspresentoutsidetheglomerulus,hencecalled extraglomerularmesangialcells.Theseareagranularcellsthatsecretesomequantityofrenin anderythropoietin.

  12. RENIN-ANGIOTENSINSYSTEM(RAS) • Renin • ReninactsasanenzymetoconvertangiotensinogentoangiotensinI. • RegulationofReninSecretion • ReninactivatestheRASwhichisessentialfor regulation.ofECFvolume,bloodvolume,and bloodpressure.

  13. THANK-YOU FullPhysiologyCourseisavailableonTurningBrainApp byTheBestPhysiologyFacultyinindia,Dr.PreetiTyagi ForMoreInfo. +91-8368648746 www.turningbrain.inhttps://youtube.com/@dr.preetityagilectures874?si=YfbJEi66jOE0hjzu APPLINKS Android:https://play.google.com/store/apps/detailsid=tbrain.in.medical.eduapp&hl=en_IN IOS:https://apps.apple.com/in/app/turning-brain-dr-preeti-tyagi/id6502828714

More Related