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Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is the most common type of arthritis that impacts children. It is also known as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. JIA is a serious (long-lasting) illness that can impact joints in any part of the body.

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Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

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  1. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is a type of arthritis that happens in children age 16 or younger. It causes joint swelling, pain, stiffness, and loss of motion. It can affect any joint, and in some cases it can affect internal organs as well.

  2. Types of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis • Systemic JIA • Oligoarthritis • Polyarticular arthritis, rheumatoid factor negative • Polyarticular arthritis, rheumatoid factor positive • Psoriatic arthritis • Enthesitis-related arthritis • Undifferentiated arthritis

  3. Symptoms • Morning stiffness • Pain, swelling and tenderness in the joints • Limping (younger children may not be able to perform motor activities that they recently learned.) • Fever • Rash • Weight loss • Fatigue or irritability • Eye redness, eye pain, and blurred vision

  4. How JIA is Treated • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) • Corticosteroids (steroids) • Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) • Biological modifying agents

  5. Complications • Loss of vision or decreased vision due to iridocyclitis/uveitis • Permanent damage to joints • Chronic arthritis and disability (loss of function) • Interference with a child’s bones and growth • Inflammation of the membranes surrounding the heart (pericarditis) or lungs (pleuritis)

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