Endocrine System Hormones & Reproduction

1. Endocrine System Hormones& Reproduction

2. Sex & Growth Hormones • Large scale body changes • how do they work • _________________ • start new processes in the body by turning genes on that were lying “dormant”

3. Pituitary gland hormones • Sex & reproductive hormones • ____________ • _____________________________ • stimulates egg & sperm production • ____________ • _____________________________ • stimulates ovaries & testes • prepares uterus for fertilized egg • oxytocin • stimulates childbirth contractions • releases milk in nursing mothers • prolactin • milk production in nursing mothers hormones hormones

4. Reproductive hormones • ________________ • ________________ • sperm production & secondary sexual characteristics • ________________ • ________________ • egg production, preparing uterus for fertilized egg & secondary sexual characteristics

5. Male reproductive system • Sperm production • over 100 million produced per day! • ~2.5 million released per drop!

6. seminiferoustubule sperm spermatocytes

7. Male reproductive system • Testes & epididymis • sperm production & maturation • Glands • seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethal • produce seminal fluid • nutrient-rich

8. Male reproductive system • ______________________ • produces sperm & hormones • ______________________ • sac that holds testicles outside of body • ______________________ • where sperm mature • ______________________ • tubes for sperm to travel from testes to penis • Prostate, seminal vesicles, Cowper’s (bulbourethal) glands • nutrient rich fluid to feed & protect sperm

9. Female reproductive system

10. Female reproductive system • ______________________ • produces eggs & hormones • ______________________ • nurtures fetus; lining builds up each month • ______________________ • tubes for eggs to travel from ovaries to uterus • ______________________ • opening to uterus, dilates 10 cm for birthing baby • ______________________ • birth canal for birthing baby

11. Female reproductive system

12. Egg maturation in ovary releasesprogesterone maintainsuteruslining produces estrogen

13. LH Menstrual cycle • Controlled by interaction of 4 hormones • FSH & LH • estrogen • progesterone FSH ovulation = egg release egg development corpus luteum estrogen progesterone lining of uterus days 0 7 14 21 28

14. corpusluteum ovary yes corpusluteum no Feedback Female reproductive cycle eggmatures & is released(ovulation) builds up uterus lining estrogen progesterone FSH & LH fertilized egg(zygote) maintainsuterus lining HCG pituitarygland pregnancy progesterone GnRH corpus luteum breaks down progesterone drops menstruation maintainsuterus lining hypothalamus

15. Female hormones • FSH & LH • _____________________________________________ • stimulates egg development & hormone release • peak release = release of egg (ovulation) • Estrogen • _____________________________________________ • stimulates growth of lining of uterus • decreasing levels causes menstruation • Progesterone • _____________________________________________ • cells that used to take care of developing egg • stimulates blood supply to lining of uterus • decreasing levels causes menstruation

16. Fertilization

17. Placenta • Food & gases diffuse across blood vessels

18. Any Questions??