Lower Back Pain: Causes, Types, and Effective Treatment Options

1. Lower Back Pain: Causes, Types, and Effective Treatment Options Lower back pain is one of the most common reasons people visit a doctor or miss work. According to a survey done by the World Health Organization, about 80% of adults struggle with low back pain at some point in their lives. Understanding the causes, types, and treatment options from the best orthopaedic clinic in Gachibowli for lower back pain is essential for effective relief and long-term management. The blog explores everything you need to know about lower back pain. Understanding Lower Back Pain The lower back, or lumbar region, is a complex structure made up of vertebrae, discs, ligaments, muscles, and nerves. It supports much of the body's weight and is involved in nearly every movement, which makes it especially prone to injury and strain. Lower back pain can be acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term), and its severity can range from a dull ache to sharp, debilitating pain. Common Causes of Lower Back Pain Here are some of the common causes of lower back pain mentioned below: • Muscle or Ligament Strain Sudden movements, lifting heavy objects, or poor posture can stretch or tear muscles and ligaments in the lower back. This is one of the most common causes of acute lower back pain. • Herniated or Bulging Discs The spinal discs act as cushions between the vertebrae. When a disc bulges or ruptures, it can press on nearby nerves, causing pain, numbness, or weakness—commonly referred to as sciatica when affecting the sciatic nerve. • Degenerative Disc Disease With age, spinal discs can wear down, lose fluid, and become less flexible. This degeneration can lead to chronic pain and reduced mobility.

2. • Spinal Stenosis This condition involves the narrowing of the spinal canal, which can put pressure on the spinal cord and nerves, often causing pain, numbness, or cramping in the legs. • Arthritis Osteoarthritis can affect the lower back, leading to joint inflammation, stiffness, and pain. In some cases, it can contribute to spinal stenosis. • Skeletal Irregularities Conditions like scoliosis, which causes an abnormal curvature of the spine, can lead to back pain over time. • Infections or Tumors In rare cases, infections (such as osteomyelitis) or tumors in the spine can be the source of lower back pain. These usually present with additional symptoms like fever, weight loss, or severe night pain. • Kidney Stones or Infections Pain in the lower back could also originate from internal organs, such as the kidneys. Kidney infections or stones often cause sharp pain that radiates to the back and may be accompanied by urinary symptoms. Types of Lower Back Pain Here are different types of lower back pain mentioned below: • Acute Lower Back Pain: It is typically caused by 1. Often caused by injury or strain 2. Typically resolves with rest and conservative treatment • Subacute Lower Back Pain: It is typically caused by 1. May require more targeted therapy or investigation • Chronic Lower Back Pain: It is typically caused by 1. underlying medical conditions or long-term mechanical issues 2. May require a multidisciplinary treatment approach. • Radicular Pain (Sciatica): It is typically caused by 1. Caused by irritation or compression of a spinal nerve root 2. Characterized by sharp, shooting pain radiating from the lower back down to the leg • Referred Pain: It is typically caused by 1. Pain felt in the lower back but originating from another part of the body, such as the hips or pelvis. Symptoms Associated with Lower Back Pain Here are some symptoms associated with lower back pain:

3. 1. Dull or aching pain in the lumbar area 2. Pain that worsens with movement or lifting 3. Muscle spasms 4. Limited range of motion 5. Pain radiating down the leg (in cases of nerve compression) 6. Tingling, numbness, or weakness in legs Effective Treatment Options for Lower Back Pain Below are the mentioned effective treatment options for lower back pain: • Rest and Activity Modification: Short periods of rest may help, but prolonged inactivity can make symptoms worse. It’s generally best to stay as active as possible and avoid movements that aggravate the pain. • Medications: 1. Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen (Advil) or acetaminophen (Tylenol) 2. Muscle relaxants for spasms 3. Prescription medications for severe or chronic cases 4. Nerve pain medications: For example, gabapentin for radicular pain. • Physical Therapy: A physical therapy can help: 1. Strengthen core and back muscles 2. Improve flexibility and posture 3. Prevent future injuries • Alternative Therapies: Examples of such alternative therapies include: 1. Chiropractic care for spinal alignment 2. Acupuncture for pain relief and muscle 3. Yoga or Pilates for gentle stretching and core strengthening 4. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for managing chronic pain perception • Injections: For persistent or severe pain, your doctor may recommend: 1. Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation around nerve roots. 2. Facet joint injections or nerve blocks for targeted relief • Surgical Options: Surgery is typically considered a last resort when conservative measures fail or in cases of: 1. Herniated discs with neurological deficits 2. Spinal stenosis causing mobility issues 3. Structural deformities or instability Additional information: Prevention Tips for Lower Back Pain Here are some of the doctor-recommended preventative tips for lower back pain: • Maintain Good Posture • Exercise Regularly • Lift Objects Properly • Maintain a Healthy Weight

4. • Quit Smoking Get expert consultation from the best physiotherapy clinic in Gachibowli, Jade Clinics! Lower back pain is a widespread and often manageable condition, but it should not be ignored, especially when it becomes chronic or if it is accompanied by other symptoms. In most cases these conditions can improve with time, conservative care and lifestyle changes. If you are struggling with any lifestyle changes, book an appointment at the best orthopaedic clinic in Hyderabad, Jade Clinics! For more information, visit Jade Clinics today!