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C is a general-purpose programming language created by<br>Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Laboratories in 1972.<br>It is a very popular language, despite being old.<br>C is strongly associated with UNIX, as it was developed to write the UNIX<br>operating system.<br>
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CoreJava introduction www.scodenetwork.com
Whatisjava? Javaisageneral-purpose,class-based,object-orientedprogramminglanguagedesignedforhaving lesserimplementationdependencies.Itisacomputingplatformforapplicationdevelopment. Javaisfast,secure,andreliable,therefore.ItiswidelyusedfordevelopingJavaapplicationsin laptops,datacenters,gameconsoles,scientificsupercomputers,cellphones,etc.
WhatisJavaPlatform? JavaPlatformisacollectionofprogramsthathelpprogrammerstodevelopand runJavaprogrammingapplicationsefficiently.Itincludesanexecutionengine,a compiler, and a set of libraries in it. It is a set of computer software and specifications.JamesGoslingdevelopedtheJavaplatformatSunMicrosystems, andtheOracleCorporationlateracquiredit.
WhatisJavausedfor? HerearesomeimportantJavaapplications: ItisusedfordevelopingAndroidApps HelpsyoutocreateEnterpriseSoftware Wide range of Mobile Java Applications ScientificComputingApplications UseforBigDataAnalytics JavaProgrammingofHardwaredevices UsedforServer-SideTechnologieslikeApache,JBoss,GlassFish,etc.
HistoryofJavaProgrammingLanguage HereareimportantlandmarksfromthehistoryoftheJavalanguage: TheJavalanguagewasinitiallycalledOAK. Originally,itwasdevelopedforhandlingportabledevicesandset-top boxes.Oakwasamassivefailure. In 1995, Sun changed the name to “Java” and modified the language to takeadvantageoftheburgeoningwww(WorldWideWeb)development business. Later,in2009,OracleCorporationacquiredSunMicrosystemsandtook ownershipofthreekeySunsoftwareassets:Java,MySQL,andSolaris.
JavaFeatures HerearesomeimportantJavafeatures: It is one of the easy-to-use programming languages to learn. Write code once and run it on almost any computing platform. Javaisplatform-independent.Someprogramsdevelopedinone machinecanbeexecutedinanothermachine. Itisdesignedforbuildingobject-orientedapplications. Itisamultithreadedlanguagewithautomaticmemorymanagement. ItiscreatedforthedistributedenvironmentoftheInternet. Facilitatesdistributedcomputingasitsnetwork-centric.
JavaDevelopmentkit(JDK) JDK is a software development environment used for making applets and Java applications. The full form of JDK is Java Development Kit. Java developers can use it on Windows, macOS, Solaris, and Linux. JDK helps themtocodeandrunJavaprograms.Itispossibletoinstallmorethanone JDKversiononthesamecomputer.
JavaVirtualMachine(JVM) JavaVirtualMachine(JVM)isanenginethatprovidesaruntimeenvironmenttodrive theJavaCodeorapplications.ItconvertsJavabytecodeintomachinelanguage.JVM is a part of the Java Run Environment (JRE). In other programming languages, the compiler produces machine code for a particular system. However, the Java compilerproducescodeforaVirtualMachineknownasJavaVirtualMachine.
JavaRuntimeEnvironment(JRE) JRE is a piece of software that is designed to run other software. It containstheclasslibraries,loaderclass,andJVM.Insimpleterms,ifyou wanttorunaJavaprogram,youneedJRE.Ifyouarenotaprogrammer, youdon’tneedtoinstallJDK,butjustJREtorunJavaprograms.
WhyuseJRE? HerearethemainreasonsofusingJRE: JREcontainsclasslibraries,JVM,andothersupportingfiles.Itdoesnot includeanytoolforJavadevelopmentlikeadebugger,compiler,etc. Itusesimportantpackageclasseslikemath,swing,util,lang,awt,and runtimelibraries. IfyouhavetorunJavaapplets,thenJREmustbeinstalledinyoursystem.
DifferentTypesofJavaPlatforms TherearefourdifferenttypesofJavaprograminglanguageplatforms: JavaPlatform,StandardEdition(JavaSE):JavaSE’sAPIofferstheJavaprogramminglanguage’scorefunctionality. It defines all the basis of type and object to high-level classes. It is used for networking, security, database access, graphicaluserinterface(GUI)development,andXMLparsing. JavaPlatform,EnterpriseEdition(JavaEE):TheJavaEEplatformoffersanAPIandruntimeenvironmentfor developingandrunninghighlyscalable,large-scale,multi-tiered,reliable,andsecurenetworkapplications. JavaProgrammingLanguagePlatform,MicroEdition(JavaME):TheJavaMEplatformoffersanAPIandasmall- footprintvirtualmachinerunningJavaprogramminglanguageapplicationsonsmalldevices,likemobilephones. JavaFX:JavaFXisaplatformfordevelopingrichinternetapplicationsusingalightweightuser-interfaceAPI.Ituser hardware-acceleratedgraphicsandmediaenginesthathelpJavatakeadvantageofhigher-performanceclientsand amodern look-and-feel andhigh-levelAPIsforconnectingtonetworkeddatasources.
HowisJavaPlatformIndependent? Like the C compiler, the Java compiler does not produce native executable code for a particularmachine.Instead,Javaproducesauniqueformatcalledbytecode.Itexecutes according to the rules laid out in the virtual machine specification. Therefore, Java is a platform-independentlanguage. BytecodeisunderstandabletoanyJVMinstalledonanyOS.Inshort,thejavasourcecode canrunonalloperatingsystems.
whatiscompiler? Incomputing,acompilerisacomputerprogramthattranslatescomputercode writteninoneprogramminglanguageintoanotherlanguage. Thename"compiler"isprimarilyusedforprogramsthattranslatesourcecode fromahigh-levelprogramminglanguagetoalower-levellanguagetocreatean executableprogram.
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