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TNM STAGING & GRADING BY Dr. Haroon Jatala (D.A)
STAGES OF A CANCER SIZE OF THE TUMOR SPREAD OF THE TUMOUR
GRADE OF CANCER APPERANCE OF CANCER CELLS
TNM STAGING SYSTEM TNM system uses letters and numbers to describe the Cancer T describes the size of tumor, with numbers 1 to 4 (1 for small, 4 for large) N stands for lymph nodes, with numbers 0 to 3 ( 0 means no lymph node, 3 means many have involved) M stands for metastases or whether the cancer has spread to another part of the body with numbers 0 to 1 (0 means it has not spread, 1 means it has)
TNM GRADING The grade of a cancer depends upon what the cell look like under the microscope. In general, a lower grade indicate a slow growing cancer and higher grade indicate faster growing cancer.