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The-Lodi-Dynasty

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The-Lodi-Dynasty

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  1. TheLodiDynastywasthelasttoruleovertheDelhiSultanateand itwasaPashtunDynasty.Pashtunpeople areethnicAfghanpeople whobelongtotheEasternIranianethnicgroup. Theyarealsoknownas"Pathans".ThefounderoftheLodiDynasty wasBahlulKhanLodi,whoserulelastedfrom1451to1526.Thefirst PortugueseArmadalandedthefirsttimeinthecountry,under VascodaGamaduringtheruleoftheLodiDynasty. KhanLodioverpowered, 15thcentury,(1847). IndiansultanBahlulKhanLodhi (died1489)wasthefirstSultanof theLodhiDynasty.Illustrationfrom TheHistoryofChinaandIndia,byMiss Corner,(DeanandCo,London,1847).

  2. Therewere threemainrulersinthehistoryofLodidynasty. BuhlulKhanLodi BuhlulKhanLodi(1451-1489)wasthefounderoftheLodidynastyinIndia andthefirstAfghanrulerof Delhi. HewasanAfghannoblewhowasa verybravesoldier. SikandarLodi AfterthedeathofBuhlulKhan,hissecondsonsucceededhimastheking. HewasgiventhetitleofSultanSikanderShah.Hewasadedicatedruler andmadealleffortstoexpandhisterritoriesandstrengthenhisempire. IbrahimLodhi IbrahimLodhiwasthesonofSikanderwhosucceededhimafterhis death,Ibrahimwasknowntobeaverysternrulerandwasnotliked muchbyhissubjects. In order to takerevengeoftheinsultsdonebyIbrahim,the governorof LahoreDaulatKhanLodhiaskedtherulerofKabul,Baburtoinvadehis kingdom,thelast rulerofLodiDynastywasdefeatedinthefirstbattleof Panipatin1526A.D, thusLodidynastyformedthe last phaseoftheDelhi sulthanatealsotheonewhich gavewaytotheriseoftheMughalEmpire.

  3. ArchitectureduringtheLodidynastywasaclassapartanddefinedthe qualityofartandcraftthatprevailedduringthatperiod. Theconstructionwastotallyrelaxed;asthetreasuryweakenedthe dynastywasn’tabletomakemonumentalbuildings;thebuildingswere constrainedtobasicallysmalltombsandmausoleumsrestrictedto scriptureandsculpturealone. Whatevertheyconstructedmirroredthebrokenspiritoftherulersthusno famousbuildings,arts,capitalcities,imperialpalacesandfortresseswere created,nocreditswerecollectedtomosquesandcollegestoo.

  4. DuringtheentireregimeoftheLodi several moumentswereconstructedasmemorials tothe dead.Thisperiodwasknown asthe periodofthemacabre(wordprobably derivedfromtheword“maqbara”orthe cemeteryinarabic.Alargenumberof tombs wereconstructedaroundthecapital. Thebuildingsdevelopedanewformof Islamicarchitecturewhichwerefollowedby theMughals.Theyconstructedthetombsin twodifferentforms: TombsoftheLodiKings • AnOctagonalplansurroundedby arched height. rulers. walkwaywithonestoreyin forthe Thesewerereserved • ASquareplanwithoutwalkwaywith twoorthreestoreysinheight.Theywere reservedfortheirnoblesofthecourts.

  5. LodiTombPatterns: Althoughtherearevariations,theLodiTombsgenerallyfollowoneofthree patterns. Type1isatombthatconsists of adomeraisedontwelvecolumnsoverasquareplatform.Thetypicaloctagonaldrumofthedomeisofmodestheight,andthedomeisusuallysurroundedbykangura(crenellations)andachhajja(projectingeave).Eachcornerof thesquaretombis markedbyachhatri(umbrelladome). Type2startswithanoctagonalbase.Eachsideoftheoctagonismarkedby triplearches,withbuttressingateachcorner.Thedomeissupportedona sixteen-sided drum, givingtheillusion ofacircularspace.Often,chhatrismark theentrances,andtheparapetismadeupofkanguraandguldastas(spires). Type3looksmuchheavier,aseachfaçadeofthesquaretombisallbutsolid. Thepishtaq(centralarch)andotherarchesdecorating thefacadesareusually blind(thatis,filledinwithmasonryratherthanleftopentolightandair).The domeistypicallysupportedbyasixteen-sideddome,whichisitselfsupportedby squinchesofvariousforms.

  6. Theornamentalpinnaclesorguldastaispresentatthecorners.This measurementisalsohalfthetotalheightofthebuildingincludingthe finial.Eachoctagonalfacecontainsthreearchedopeningsdividedby pillars.Thecentralopeningisslightlybroaderthantheothertwo. Thetombchamberinsideisoctagonalinplanalongwithanarchand beamopeningineachface.Mostofthemonumentswereconstructed beforeorafterthe demiseoftherulersandnoblesofthecourt.

  7. Thecharacterand treatmentof themonumentsand the overallpattern ofarchitectureindicatesthatDelhianditssurroundingareaduringthat timeattainedaseparatestyleofexpressivenessthroughitsetching, cuttingandstructuringofthestoneswhichwaslaterredefinedbythe Mughals.

  8. LodiGardensisoneofDelhi’sfavouritespotsforbothexerciseandlazying. NestledintheLutyens’Delhiarea,this90acreexpanseofgrass,ponds,trees,birds andmonumentsisisa refugefromtraffic,smogandcongestion,ajogger’sdream cometrue.Avisittothegardengivesthefeelofthe15thcentury. TheMajorAttractionsInsideLodhi GardenDelhi: MuhammadShah’sTomb BaraGumbad SheeshGumbad SikandarLodi’sTomb Athpula NationalBonsaiPark.

  9. UnlikeothertombsoftheLodiperiod, whicharebaseduponasquareplan,the Tombof SikandarLodi isarevivalof theearlierSayyidtype,with itsoctagonal plan,deepverandaandtallarches.Thetombstandsatthecenterofanenclosed precinctenteredfromamonumentalportalfacingsouth.Itistoppedwitha doubledomewithoutthe moretypicalroofkiosks(chhatris). Exteriorviewshowingfortified precinctwalls Thetombhasbeenadornedwitha doubledometopwhichstandproudly atthecenterofanenclosedarea, which isenteredfromasouth-facinghuge gateway.Itisthefirstgardentombto beconstructedinthecapitalcityof India. Viewofwesternprecinct wallwithmihrab

  10. ApartfromthesemausoleumsthereisalargebuildingcalledtheBara Gumbad,whichmighthavebeenalargegateway,andadjoiningitisa beautifulmosquewithexquisiteplastercarvings,andaresthouse.Justa few steps awayisanothermausoleumcalledtheSheeshGumbad,forthecolourful glazed-tileworkonit.Alongwiththeseprominentstructuresonecanfindmany small,scatteredandunmarkedmosquesandgravesalloverthegardens.. BadaGumbad SheeshGumbad

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