Chapter 1 Information Age 1.1 Information Age and IT 3 1.2 Applications of IT 4
Chapter 1 Information Age 1.1 Information Age and IT • 1.1.1 Nature of Computers • 1.1.2 IT and Computers
1.1 Information Age and Information Technology 1.1.1 Nature of Computers (1) • 1. Speed • High processing speed • But, may not be at full power all the times • 2. Reliability • Low failure rateof electronic components • 3. Accuracy • Always gives accurate results, unless • program bugs OR • incorrect data input
1.1 Information Age and Information Technology 1.1.1 Nature of Computers (2) • 4. Storage capacity • Different types of storage • can store huge amount of data • 5. Communication ability • Data transmission between computers • Use of computers : • Communication between people
1.1 Information Age and Information Technology 1.1.2 IT and Computers • Information Technology (IT) • Create, store, exchange, and use information • Mainly computer technology • other technologies: communication, audio and video etc. • Includes computers and other technologies • Information • Helps people in making decision • Information Age • Driven by information technology
Chapter 1 Information Age 1.2 Applications of IT • Clothing, Eating & Food,Housing,Transportation • Finance & commerce, Education, Science, Health, Law Enforcement, Government and Robotics
1.2 Applications of IT 1.2.1 Clothing • Design • Manufacturing • Inventory System • Sales Record
1.2.1 Clothing Clothing-1.2.1.1 Design • Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software • Complete most of the design process • Allow designers to modify their designs easily • Templates • eliminate the needs to start everything from scratch
1.2.1 Clothing Clothing-1.2.1.2 Manufacturing • Design • Passed electronically to the manufacturing department • Schedule Production lines • Evaluate the time for each section • based on • date of completion, quantity required and complexity of the design • Ensure that • all sections completed according to a pre-set sequence • work load evenly distributed among the production lines • For the best overall efficiency
1.2.1 Clothing Clothing-1.2.1.3 Inventory System • Computer-based Inventory System • Records the details of each product • like the product name, type, location and quantity • Electronic Map • Shows the locations of all goods • Allows retrieval of goods quickly
1.2.1 Clothing Clothing-1.2.1.4 Sales records • Inventory system (similar to last page) • Sales records • data for each sale is recorded • Help Sales manager to • know the trend and • make decision on future replenishment of goods • The statistics help the store manager to • determine the business strategy of the company
1.2 Applications of IT 1.2.2 Eating and food • Monitoring and Control • Supermarket • Embedded Computer • Food Ordering
1.2.2 Eating and food Eating and food-1.2.2.1 Monitoring and controls • Agriculture • Providing information about • crop, cattle and farming • Food processing factory • Monitoring the production process • Controlling the quantity of the final product
1.2.2 Eating and Food Eating and food-1.2.2.2 Supermarket • Inventory, Personnel, Sales, C. Services etc. • Point-Of-Sales (POS) terminal • Bar code readers are installed • to provide fast and reliable data input • Stock-on-shelf records on central computer • updated instantly • verified by a staff who uses a handheld computer • Sales Information • Information about the popularity of goods • Arrange items for display on the shelves • Replenishment of goods
1.2.2 Eating and food Eating and food-1.2.2.3 Embedded computer • Embedded computer • Microwave oven inside a kitchen • Using a pre-programmed fire setting • defrost frozen meat
1.2.2 Eating and food Eating and food-1.2.2.4 Food ordering • Handheld computer (PDA) • Waiter records your food order • Radio Waves • Transmits information to a central computer • Inside the kitchen • Food order appears on a display • The cook to follow.
1.2 Applications of IT 1.2.3 Housing • House Design • Engineering • Building Management • Home Security
1.2.3 Housing Housing -1.2.3.1 House design • Computer Aided Design (CAD) Software • 3D model of the design • Viewed from different angles, • both inside and outside • Interactive animations • Allow clients to understand more about the final design
1.2.3 Housing Housing-1.2.3.2 Engineering • In a construction site, engineers use computers to • Plan their projects & • Manage resources
1.2.3 Housing Housing- 1.2.3.3 Building management • Smart card technology • Authenticate residents at the entrance of the buildings • No need to remember password • Difficult to forge • Web site • Allows residents to reserve facilities • like tennis court or conference room.
1.2.3 Housing Housing- 1.2.3.4 Home security • Web cams • Monitor their houses via the Internet. • Smart home technology • that provides greater security • more convenience.
1.2 Applications of IT 1.2.4 Transportation • Railway Control • Traffic Information • GPS • Autotoll
1.2.4 Transportation Transportation-1.2.4.1 Controls • The central computer system • Controls the movements of all the trains along the complex railway network. • Must be fully tested before put into use • because any bugs may lead to serious accidents.
1.2.4 Transportation Transportation-1.2.4.2 Traffic information • Airport • Monitors all the flying planes • Collects vast amount of data, • like aircraft positions, temperature and wind speed, • Analyzed by the computer • to give a reliable overall picture of the weather • and air traffic conditions • Results sent to all the airplanes
1.2.4 Transportation Transportation-1.2.4.3 GPS • GPS (Global Positioning System) • to keep bus company informed about • the positions of all the buses on the road • Schedule bus services • Solve unexpected problems, • like traffic jam due to a road accident.
1.2.4 Transportation Transportation-1.2.4.4 Autotoll • Autotoll • At the gate, the chip is activated • The chip emits a radio wave, carrying information, • like the driver's account number. • Central computer • Locates the driver's record based • the deposit is deducted • appropriate information shown to driver through • traffic lights
1.2 Applications of IT 1.2.5 Finance and Commerce • Banking • E-commerce
1.2.5 Finance and Commerce Finance and Commerce-1.2.5.1 Banking • Bank • Pioneer in computerization among other commercial activities • All financial transactions are handled and recorded by computers • ATM (automatic teller machine) terminals • to withdraw or transfer money • Online banking allows you • view account balance, transfer money and • financial transactions, like online investment
1.2.5 Finance and Commerce Finance and Commerce-1.2.5.2 E-commerce • E-commerce • getting more and more popular • Online storefront • always opens • Cybermall • provides one-stop-shop services
1.2 Applications of IT 1.2.6 Communications • E-mail • Internet Services
1.2.6 Communications Communications- 1.2.6.1 e-mail • e-mail • Communication tool of many people • E-mail message quickly reach the other side of the world • easily reply, forward or attach with • other documents • handheld computer incorporated with Mobile phone technology, • Sending and receiving e-mail everywhere
1.2.6 Communications Communications-1.2.6.2 Internet Services • Broadband access • Standard access to the Internet • Telephony and videoconferencing • Internet-based • Part of many people's daily life activities.
1.2 Applications of IT 1.2.7 Education • IT in education • used in schools • to assist teaching and learning • Many classrooms are connected to the Internet • Providing a huge source of supplementary materials • Multimedia learning/Interactive assessing tools • More interesting learning experiences to students • E-learning • enables self-paced learning
1.2 Applications of IT 1.2.8 Science • Scientific Research • Weather Forecasting
1.2.8 Science Science-1.2.8.1 Research • Research • High-speed capabilities of computers • Simulate events • Prove hypotheses in a cost-effective manner.
1.2.8 Science Science-1.2.8.2 Weather forecasting • Weather forecasting • Need the processing power of supercomputers • Observatories in the world are linked • to form a network • to share and exchange climatic data • Data are analyzed by the computers • to simulate the weather conditions • to predict more accurately in coming few days
1.2 Applications of IT 1.2.9 Health and Medicine • Medical Diagnosis • Remote Instruction
1.2.9 Health&Medicine Health and Medicine-1.2.9.1 Medical diagnosis • Monitoring patients • Intensive care in hospitals • Computer-Axial Tomography (CAT) • Assist in diagnosis • Giving 3D pictures of the organs inside a body
1.2.9 Health&Medicine Health and Medicine-1.2.9.2 Remote instruction • Remote instruction • Use of videoconferencing • Allows experienced doctors instruct other doctors remotely • Virtual reality • Train medical students in surgical skills
1.2 Applications of IT 1.2.10 Law enforcement • Fingerprint Matching • DNA Modelling
1.2.10 Law Enforcement Law enforcement-1.2.10.1Fingerprint matching • Fingerprint matching • Storage of fingerprints • Matching with thousands of fingerprint records from the fingerprint database • Analyze the patterns • Confirm matching automatically
1.2.10 Law Enforcement Law enforcement-1.2.10.2 DNA modelling • DNA modelling • Computer modelling of DNA • Match the DNA from criminal's body with traces • such as blood, left at the crime scene
1.2 Applications of IT 1.2.11 Government • Examination • Public Awareness of IT • ESD Scheme
1.2.11 Government Government-1.2.11.1 Examinations • Examinations • Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority (HKEAA) is using • OMR (Optical Mark Reader) readers • to mark MC questions
1.2.11 Government Government-1.2.11.2 Public awareness of IT • Public awareness of IT • strengthening the IT awareness of the public • building information infrastructure • developing e-commerce environment
1.2.11 Government Government-1.2.11.3 ESD scheme • Electronic Service Delivery (ESD) • ESD scheme won the Stockholm Challenge Award in 2001 • Aim to deliver government services to the public via the Internet • Without leaving home, HK residents can • reserve books in a public library • pay government bills • make appointment • apply licenses etc
1.2 Applications of IT 1.2.12 Robots • Dangerous Jobs • Various Sizes
1.2.12 Robots Robots-1.2.12.1 Dangerous jobs • Computer-controlled Robots take over many jobs which are • too unpleasant, or • too dangerous for human, • such as • opening packages which are believed to contain bombs • monitoring the conditions near a volcano.
1.2.12 Robots Robots-1.2.12.2 Various size • Large robots • working in factories, • e.g. car manufacturing. • Medium sized robots • play their roles as electronic pets • Tiny sized robots • great potential use in • medical diagnosis or • medical treatment
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