Chapter 1 Information Age - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Chapter 1 Information Age

1.1 Information Age and IT 3

1.2 Applications of IT 4

Chapter 1 Information Age

• 1.1.1 Nature of Computers
• 1.1.2 IT and Computers

1.1 Information Age and Information Technology

• 1. Speed
• High processing speed
• But, may not be at full power all the times
• 2. Reliability
• Low failure rateof electronic components
• 3. Accuracy
• Always gives accurate results, unless
• program bugs OR
• incorrect data input

1.1 Information Age and Information Technology

• 4. Storage capacity
• Different types of storage
• can store huge amount of data
• 5. Communication ability
• Data transmission between computers
• Use of computers :
• Communication between people

1.1 Information Age and Information Technology

• Information Technology (IT)
• Create, store, exchange, and use information
• Mainly computer technology
• other technologies: communication, audio and video etc.
• Includes computers and other technologies
• Information
• Helps people in making decision
• Information Age
• Driven by information technology

Chapter 1 Information Age

• Clothing, Eating & Food,Housing,Transportation
• Finance & commerce, Education, Science, Health, Law Enforcement, Government and Robotics

1.2 Applications of IT

• Design
• Manufacturing
• Inventory System
• Sales Record

1.2.1 Clothing

• Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software
• Complete most of the design process
• Allow designers to modify their designs easily
• Templates
• eliminate the needs to start everything from scratch

1.2.1 Clothing

• Design
• Passed electronically to the manufacturing department
• Schedule Production lines
• Evaluate the time for each section
• based on
• date of completion, quantity required and complexity of the design
• Ensure that
• all sections completed according to a pre-set sequence
• work load evenly distributed among the production lines
• For the best overall efficiency

1.2.1 Clothing

• Computer-based Inventory System
• Records the details of each product
• like the product name, type, location and quantity
• Electronic Map
• Shows the locations of all goods
• Allows retrieval of goods quickly

1.2.1 Clothing

• Inventory system (similar to last page)
• Sales records
• data for each sale is recorded
• Help Sales manager to
• know the trend and
• make decision on future replenishment of goods
• The statistics help the store manager to
• determine the business strategy of the company

1.2 Applications of IT

• Monitoring and Control
• Supermarket
• Embedded Computer
• Food Ordering

1.2.2 Eating and food

• Agriculture
• Providing information about
• crop, cattle and farming
• Food processing factory
• Monitoring the production process
• Controlling the quantity of the final product

1.2.2 Eating and Food

• Inventory, Personnel, Sales, C. Services etc.
• Point-Of-Sales (POS) terminal
• Bar code readers are installed
• to provide fast and reliable data input
• Stock-on-shelf records on central computer
• updated instantly
• verified by a staff who uses a handheld computer
• Sales Information
• Information about the popularity of goods
• Arrange items for display on the shelves
• Replenishment of goods

1.2.2 Eating and food

• Embedded computer
• Microwave oven inside a kitchen
• Using a pre-programmed fire setting
• defrost frozen meat

1.2.2 Eating and food

• Handheld computer (PDA)
• Waiter records your food order
• Radio Waves
• Transmits information to a central computer
• Inside the kitchen
• Food order appears on a display
• The cook to follow.

1.2 Applications of IT

• House Design
• Engineering
• Building Management
• Home Security

1.2.3 Housing

• Computer Aided Design (CAD) Software
• 3D model of the design
• Viewed from different angles,
• both inside and outside
• Interactive animations
• Allow clients to understand more about the final design

1.2.3 Housing

• In a construction site, engineers use computers to
• Plan their projects &
• Manage resources

1.2.3 Housing

• Smart card technology
• Authenticate residents at the entrance of the buildings
• No need to remember password
• Difficult to forge
• Web site
• Allows residents to reserve facilities
• like tennis court or conference room.

1.2.3 Housing

• Web cams
• Monitor their houses via the Internet.
• Smart home technology
• that provides greater security
• more convenience.

1.2 Applications of IT

• Railway Control
• Traffic Information
• GPS
• Autotoll

1.2.4 Transportation

• The central computer system
• Controls the movements of all the trains along the complex railway network.
• Must be fully tested before put into use
• because any bugs may lead to serious accidents.

1.2.4 Transportation

• Airport
• Monitors all the flying planes
• Collects vast amount of data,
• like aircraft positions, temperature and wind speed,
• Analyzed by the computer
• to give a reliable overall picture of the weather
• and air traffic conditions
• Results sent to all the airplanes

1.2.4 Transportation

• GPS (Global Positioning System)
• to keep bus company informed about
• the positions of all the buses on the road
• Schedule bus services
• Solve unexpected problems,
• like traffic jam due to a road accident.

1.2.4 Transportation

• Autotoll
• At the gate, the chip is activated
• The chip emits a radio wave, carrying information,
• like the driver's account number.
• Central computer
• Locates the driver's record based
• the deposit is deducted
• appropriate information shown to driver through
• traffic lights

1.2 Applications of IT

• Banking
• E-commerce

1.2.5 Finance and Commerce

• Bank
• Pioneer in computerization among other commercial activities
• All financial transactions are handled and recorded by computers
• ATM (automatic teller machine) terminals
• to withdraw or transfer money
• Online banking allows you
• view account balance, transfer money and
• financial transactions, like online investment

1.2.5 Finance and Commerce

• E-commerce
• getting more and more popular
• Online storefront
• always opens
• Cybermall
• provides one-stop-shop services

1.2 Applications of IT

• E-mail
• Internet Services

1.2.6 Communications

• e-mail
• Communication tool of many people
• E-mail message quickly reach the other side of the world
• easily reply, forward or attach with
• other documents
• handheld computer incorporated with Mobile phone technology,
• Sending and receiving e-mail everywhere

1.2.6 Communications

• Broadband access
• Standard access to the Internet
• Telephony and videoconferencing
• Internet-based
• Part of many people's daily life activities.

1.2 Applications of IT

• IT in education
• used in schools
• to assist teaching and learning
• Many classrooms are connected to the Internet
• Providing a huge source of supplementary materials
• Multimedia learning/Interactive assessing tools
• More interesting learning experiences to students
• E-learning
• enables self-paced learning

1.2 Applications of IT

• Scientific Research
• Weather Forecasting

1.2.8 Science

• Research
• High-speed capabilities of computers
• Simulate events
• Prove hypotheses in a cost-effective manner.

1.2.8 Science

• Weather forecasting
• Need the processing power of supercomputers
• Observatories in the world are linked
• to form a network
• to share and exchange climatic data
• Data are analyzed by the computers
• to simulate the weather conditions
• to predict more accurately in coming few days

1.2 Applications of IT

• Medical Diagnosis
• Remote Instruction

1.2.9 Health&Medicine

• Monitoring patients
• Intensive care in hospitals
• Computer-Axial Tomography (CAT)
• Assist in diagnosis
• Giving 3D pictures of the organs inside a body

1.2.9 Health&Medicine

• Remote instruction
• Use of videoconferencing
• Allows experienced doctors instruct other doctors remotely
• Virtual reality
• Train medical students in surgical skills

1.2 Applications of IT

• Fingerprint Matching
• DNA Modelling

1.2.10 Law Enforcement

• Fingerprint matching
• Storage of fingerprints
• Matching with thousands of fingerprint records from the fingerprint database
• Analyze the patterns
• Confirm matching automatically

1.2.10 Law Enforcement

• DNA modelling
• Computer modelling of DNA
• Match the DNA from criminal's body with traces
• such as blood, left at the crime scene

1.2 Applications of IT

• Examination
• Public Awareness of IT
• ESD Scheme

1.2.11 Government

• Examinations
• Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority (HKEAA) is using
• OMR (Optical Mark Reader) readers
• to mark MC questions

1.2.11 Government

• Public awareness of IT
• strengthening the IT awareness of the public
• building information infrastructure
• developing e-commerce environment

1.2.11 Government

• Electronic Service Delivery (ESD)
• ESD scheme won the Stockholm Challenge Award in 2001
• Aim to deliver government services to the public via the Internet
• Without leaving home, HK residents can
• reserve books in a public library
• pay government bills
• make appointment
• apply licenses etc

1.2 Applications of IT

• Dangerous Jobs
• Various Sizes

1.2.12 Robots

• Computer-controlled Robots take over many jobs which are
• too unpleasant, or
• too dangerous for human,
• such as
• opening packages which are believed to contain bombs
• monitoring the conditions near a volcano.

1.2.12 Robots

• Large robots
• working in factories,
• e.g. car manufacturing.
• Medium sized robots
• play their roles as electronic pets
• Tiny sized robots
• great potential use in
• medical diagnosis or
• medical treatment