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HD Audio 1.1 Overview

HD Audio 1.1 Overview. David Flenniken Software Design Engineer Windows Media Devices Group uaa @ microsoft.com Microsoft Corporation. Soccer Liu Software Design Engineer Windows Media Devices Group uaa @ microsoft.com Microsoft Corporation. Session Outline. HD Audio Codec Configurability

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HD Audio 1.1 Overview

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  1. HD Audio 1.1 Overview David Flenniken Software Design EngineerWindows Media Devices Groupuaa @ microsoft.com Microsoft Corporation Soccer Liu Software Design EngineerWindows Media Devices Groupuaa @ microsoft.com Microsoft Corporation

  2. Session Outline • HD Audio Codec Configurability • Role of the Topology Parser • How the Topology Parser works • Programming Pin Configuration Registers • Common Device Experience • Validating Pin Configuration

  3. HD Audio Codec Configurability Configuration Default Setting 1 Configuration Default Setting 2

  4. Role of Topology Parser Provided by Microsoft IHV and ODM rd HD Audio Class Driver 3 Party HD Audio Driver Codec C specific Knowledge Topology Parser ( static lib ) HD Audio Codec HD Audio Codec HD Audio Codec

  5. How HD Audio Class Driver Solve This Problem • Microsoft develops a HD Audio Topology Parser that handles HD audio codec’s topology parsing for all HD Audio specification compliant codecs • HD Audio Class Driver 1.1 statically links to Topology Parser lib to solve topology parsing issues

  6. What Parser Does

  7. 3rd Party IHVs Can Also Use Topology Parser • 3rd party driver can take advantage of Topology Parser by linking to this static library to replace their own parsing logics to simplify driver code • This Topology Parser will be released in the form of a static library. Its DDI is planned to be published when HD Audio Class Driver shipped in late 2005.

  8. Role of Topology Parser Provided by Microsoft IHV and ODM rd rd 3 Party HD Audio Driver HD Audio Class Driver 3 Party HD Audio Driver Codec C specific Knowledge Topology Parser ( static lib ) Topology Parser ( static lib ) HD Audio Codec HD Audio Codec HD Audio Codec

  9. How Topology Parser Works? • Enumerate all audio paths • Build Association list • Enumerate all Pin Path Combinations for each association • Prioritize combinations found • Pick the best Association Resource Mapping

  10. Enumerate All Audio Paths • Audio path: a path that audio data could flow through starting at a resource widget and ending at a pin widget • Not all the possible paths are valid. There are rules set by parser for what an invalid audio path is. • Invalid audio paths: • Paths including loop • Paths including Vendor Defined Widget • Paths ending with a pin widget that has no physical connection • Output audio paths ending with input Pin • Input audio paths ending with output Pin • Paths contains widgets sitting between resource widget and HD Audio Link • Paths do not end with a pin widget

  11. Valid Audio Paths Found

  12. Build Association List Zero is not a valid Association Default number (Pin 15)

  13. Enumerate All Pin Path Combinations for Each Association

  14. Prioritize Combinations Found • Base on a set of predefined rules to give each path the appropriate weight. Set the sum of weighted priority value to each Association Resource Mapping. • The rules are: • The lower the association number, the higher its priority • Known device types have higher priority than unknown device types • A path with a wider volume control range has higher priority

  15. Pick the Best Association Resource Mapping • The highest sum of all weighted paths and associations will be chosen as the best Association Resource Mapping for final output. 1`

  16. Use of Parser Output • The Class Driver uses the parser's output to program widget connections and settings • For each logical device, class driver builds a Windows Kernel Streaming filter to expose its audio functionality to system

  17. Programming Pin Configuration Registers • The Microsoft Topology Parser relies on spec compliant HD Audio codecs • Follows Microsoft UAA “Pin Configuration Guidelines for High Definition Audio Devices” to ensure proper Pin Configuration Default settings

  18. Detailed Pin Configuration register fields • Fields • Port Connectivity • Location • Default Device • Connection Type • Color • Misc. • Default Association • Sequence

  19. Port Connectivity Field • Used to indicate existence • The Pin Widget can be either an external Jack or a fixed function device (like internal speakers) or it can be unconnected • 0x1 means no physical connection • The Class Driver ignores Pin Widgets with this value set to 0x1

  20. Location Field • Denotes Physical location of the Pin Widget • Set as appropriate • The Class Driver uses this information to describe the jack location to the end user

  21. Default Device Field • The Class Driver uses Default Device field to determine what Logical Device to create • The Class Driver recognizes the following: • Line Out, Speaker, HP Out, S/P-DIF Out, Line In, Mic In, CD, Aux and S/P-DIF In • Other devices supported by the parser • Digital Other Out and Digital Other In • Not currently supported • Modem Line Side, Modem Headset Side, Telephony, and Other

  22. Interpretations and Clarifications • Specific Widget types • Line out - No build-in amplifier on the codec • Speaker - No build-in amplifier on the codec, but there is an external amp connected. • HP Out – There is a programmable build-in amplifier on the codec that can drive headphones. If the amp is turned off, the Pin acts like a Line Out pin (above)

  23. Connection Type Field • Set as appropriate • Largely ignored by the Class Driver

  24. Color Field • 16 possibilities – use them • Colors should be unique to each location • Pin with internal location should be set to color unknown (0x0) • The Class Driver uses this in it’s description of the jacks to the end user

  25. Misc. Field • Jack Detect Override • 0 means enabled • System must provide “Audio Jack Detection Circuits” before setting to 0. • 1 means override (disabled) • This field should be enabled to empower dynamic device functionality

  26. Default Association Field • Labels the priority of the Pin Widget • Lower numbers mean higher priority • Association 0 is invalid • 0xF means the pin is not associated to any other pin • The Class Driver uses this field to: • Indicate groupings for multi-pin logical devices • Resolve resource disputes (higher priority device wins)

  27. Sequence Field • Orders pins in an association • All sequence numbers in an association must be unique • The Class Driver generally uses this field to determine how to map channels in a multi-channel device.

  28. Sequence Number Meanings • Ordering in HD Audio Spec 1.0 • Location information is missing • The Class Driver assigns meanings for clarity • 0 means Front Left & Front Right • 1 means Front Center & Low frequency • 2 means Back Left & Back Right • 3 means Front Left of Center & Front Right of Center • 4 means Side Left & Side Right • Special meanings (examples) • (0,2) or (0,4) means Quadraphonic • (0,1,2) means Surround Sound Speakers • (0,1,2,4) means Home Theater Speakers • See Pin Config Guidelines for more info

  29. Common Device Experience • Supported • Render • Line out, Speaker, Headphone and S/P-DIF Out • Capture • Microphone, LineIn, CDIn, AuxIn and S/P-DIF In • Not Supported • Digital Other Out, Modem Line Side, Modem Handset side, Telephony, Digital Other In or Other (or Reserved)

  30. Render Device • Can’t mix Line Out widgets and Speaker widgets in the same association • Generally, there are 1 to 4 pins in a render logical device association • Sequence numbers determine channel mapping • Single pin render devices • Headphone • Line out • Speaker

  31. Single Pin Devices • S/P-DIF Out Device • No analog functionality on audio path • Line In Device • Aux In Device • CD Device • S/P-DIF In Device • Microphone Device

  32. Multi Purpose Devices • Muxed Capture Device • A collection of mutually exclusive input devices that share the same ADC • Mixed Capture Device • A collection of devices that share the same ADC that may work at the same time • Redirected Headphone Render Device • Combination render + headphone device where when the headphone is plugged in the output is redirected from the speakers to the headphone

  33. Validate Pin Configurations • Parser relies on the Pin Configuration Default for successful parsing – getting them set right is very important • Use UAATest.exe • It validates Pin Configuration Default settings • It exercises the same parser logics to validate codecs and exposes audio paths • UAATest also checks HD Audio Spec compliance • Let Microsoft know about inconsistencies (or issues with the output)

  34. Call to Action • Use Microsoft Topology Parser to simplify and unify yours HD Audio device driver support • Follow guidelines in “Pin Configuration Guidelines for High Definition Audio Devices” for HD Audio Codec Pin Configuration Default programming • Help your OEM/ODM customers expose parser supported device types through system BIOS programming of HD Audio Pin Configuration Default values • Build UAA class driver compatible HD Audio solutions

  35. Additional Resources • Email uaa @ microsoft.comfor • Microsoft UAA Pin Configuration Guidelines for High Definition Audio Devices, Release date TBD • UAA Hardware Design Guideline White Paper • UAATest.exe • Microsoft UAA overview white paper on • http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/device/audio/uaa.mspx

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